Goncharuk Valeri D, Buijs Ruud M, Swaab Dick F
Russian Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
J Comp Neurol. 2007 Jul 1;503(1):148-68. doi: 10.1002/cne.21387.
The corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)-expressing neurons were studied in the hypothalamus and brainstem of individuals who suffered from essential hypertension and had died due to acute myocardial infarction or brain hemorrhage. Healthy normotensive individuals who died in accidents made up the control group. In hypertensive patients we found extremely high expression of CRH in all parts of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (Pa). In addition, CRH neuronal profiles were observed in the caudal hypothalamic area and dorsal parts of the extended amygdala. In the control group, CRH neurons were found only in the Pa and in much smaller numbers than in hypertensive patients. Also, in contrast to the controls, we found in hypertensives a very high number of CRH fibers running from the most rostral part of the Pa to the median eminence and innervating the caudal part of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCh). A quantitative evaluation showed that the area covered by CRH fibers in the SCh of hypertensives was about three times larger than that in the control SCh. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between the area of CRH fibers and the number of vasopressin (VP) or neurotensin (NT) neurons within the SCh. This relationship occurred particularly in hypertensive patients in whose SCh a larger CRH fiber area and a smaller number of VP or NT neurons were observed. We found a few CRH neuronal profiles and fibers in brainstem nuclei that are involved in cardiovascular regulation, but no apparent difference was observed between the control and hypertensive group.
对因原发性高血压死亡且死因是急性心肌梗死或脑出血的个体的下丘脑和脑干中表达促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）的神经元进行了研究。因事故死亡的健康血压正常个体组成了对照组。在高血压患者中，我们发现下丘脑室旁核（Pa）各部分的CRH表达极高。此外，在尾侧下丘脑区域和扩展杏仁核的背侧部分观察到了CRH神经元形态。在对照组中，仅在Pa中发现了CRH神经元，且数量远少于高血压患者。而且，与对照组不同的是，我们在高血压患者中发现，从Pa最前端到正中隆起有大量CRH纤维，并支配视交叉上核（SCh）的尾侧部分。定量评估显示，高血压患者SCh中CRH纤维覆盖的面积约为对照SCh的三倍。线性回归分析表明，SCh内CRH纤维面积与血管加压素（VP）或神经降压素（NT）神经元数量呈负相关。这种关系在高血压患者中尤为明显，其SCh中CRH纤维面积较大，而VP或NT神经元数量较少。我们在参与心血管调节的脑干核中发现了一些CRH神经元形态和纤维，但对照组和高血压组之间未观察到明显差异。
