Timmerman Thomas A
Department of Decision Sciences and Management, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2007 May;92(3):876-84. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.876.
This study tested the possibility that hit-by-pitch events in Major League Baseball could be explained by theories of aggression. Consistent with the general aggression model, personal and situational characteristics interacted to predict these events. Pitchers were more likely to hit batters in situations that allowed them to restore justice and protect valued social identities. Higher order interactions revealed that the likelihood of being hit by a pitch in these situations depended on the background of the pitcher and the race of the batter. Consistent with the culture of honor theory, pitchers from the southern United States were more likely to hit batters in these situations, but primarily if the batter was White.
本研究检验了美国职业棒球大联盟中的投球击中事件能否用攻击理论来解释这一可能性。与一般攻击模型一致，个人特征和情境特征相互作用以预测这些事件。在那些能让投手恢复公平正义并保护其珍视的社会身份的情境中，投手更有可能击中击球手。高阶交互作用表明，在这些情境下被投球击中的可能性取决于投手的背景和击球手的种族。与荣誉文化理论一致，来自美国南部的投手在这些情境中更有可能击中击球手，但主要是在击球手为白人的情况下。
