Lemay Edward P, Clark Margaret S, Feeney Brooke C
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8205, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 May;92(5):834-53. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.834.
This research tested a social projection model of perceived partner responsiveness to needs. According to this model, people project their own care and supportiveness for a partner onto their perceptions of their partner's caring and supportiveness. In 2 dyadic marriage studies, participants' self-reported responsiveness to the needs of a spouse predicted perceptions of the spouse's responsiveness to the self more strongly than did the spouse's self-reported responsiveness. These projected perceptions of responsiveness, in turn, appeared to promote perceivers' relationship satisfaction. These effects were independent of individual differences in attachment, self-esteem, depression, and communal orientation. A daily-diary component suggested that people projected their own chronic responsiveness as well as their daily enacted support onto perceptions of the specific benefits received from their spouses. A 3rd study found that experimentally manipulated feelings of difficulty in recalling examples of own support provision reduced perceptions of partner responsiveness. Results suggest that projection of own responsiveness is an important determinant of perceived social support and is a means by which caring perceivers maintain satisfying and subjectively communal relationships.
本研究测试了一种关于感知到的伴侣对需求的反应性的社会投射模型。根据该模型，人们将自己对伴侣的关心和支持投射到他们对伴侣的关心和支持的认知上。在两项二元婚姻研究中，参与者自我报告的对配偶需求的反应性，比配偶自我报告的反应性，更能强烈地预测对配偶对自己反应性的认知。反过来，这些投射出的反应性认知似乎会提高感知者的关系满意度。这些影响独立于依恋、自尊、抑郁和共同取向方面的个体差异。一项日常日记研究表明，人们将自己长期的反应性以及日常表现出的支持投射到对从配偶那里获得的具体益处的认知上。第三项研究发现，通过实验操纵回忆自己提供支持的例子时的困难感，会降低对伴侣反应性的认知。结果表明，自身反应性的投射是感知到的社会支持的一个重要决定因素，并且是有爱心的感知者维持令人满意且主观上具有共同性的关系的一种方式。
