Larsson Susanna C, Wolk Alicja
Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, The National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Gastroenterology. 2007 May;132(5):1740-5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.044. Epub 2007 Mar 24.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mounting evidence indicates that coffee drinking may protect against liver injury and lower the risk of liver cancer. We quantitatively assessed the relation between coffee consumption and the risk of liver cancer in a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.
Relevant studies were identified by searching MEDLINE (from 1966 to February 2007) and the reference lists of retrieved articles. We included cohort and case-control studies that reported relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of primary liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma by quantitative categories of coffee consumption. Study-specific RRs were pooled using a random-effects model.
Four cohort and 5 case-control studies, involving 2260 cases and 239,146 noncases, met the inclusion criteria. All studies observed an inverse relation between coffee consumption and risk of liver cancer, and in 6 studies the association was statistically significant. Overall, an increase in consumption of 2 cups of coffee per day was associated with a 43% reduced risk of liver cancer (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.49-0.67). There was no statistically significant heterogeneity among studies (P = .17). In stratified analysis, the summary RRs of liver cancer for an increase in consumption of 2 cups of coffee per day were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.55-0.87) for persons without a history of liver disease and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.35-0.91) for those with a history of liver disease.
Findings from this meta-analysis suggest that an increased consumption of coffee may reduce the risk of liver cancer.
越来越多的证据表明，喝咖啡可能预防肝损伤并降低患肝癌的风险。我们通过对流行病学研究的荟萃分析，定量评估了咖啡摄入量与患肝癌风险之间的关系。
通过检索MEDLINE（1966年至2007年2月）以及检索到的文章的参考文献列表来确定相关研究。我们纳入了队列研究和病例对照研究，这些研究按咖啡摄入量的定量类别报告了原发性肝癌或肝细胞癌的相对风险（RR）估计值及95%置信区间（CI）。使用随机效应模型汇总各研究的特定RR值。
四项队列研究和五项病例对照研究符合纳入标准，涉及2260例病例和239,146例非病例。所有研究均观察到咖啡摄入量与患肝癌风险之间呈负相关，六项研究中的这种关联具有统计学意义。总体而言，每天多喝两杯咖啡与患肝癌风险降低43%相关（RR，0.57；95%CI，0.49 - 0.67）。研究之间无统计学显著异质性（P = 0.17）。在分层分析中，对于无肝病病史的人，每天多喝两杯咖啡的肝癌汇总RR为0.69（95%CI，0.55 - 0.87）；对于有肝病病史的人，汇总RR为0.56（95%CI，0.35 - 0.91）。
这项荟萃分析的结果表明，增加咖啡摄入量可能降低患肝癌的风险。
