Komisar Jack L
Division of Malaria Vaccine Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500, USA.
Front Biosci. 2007 May 1;12:3928-55. doi: 10.2741/2361.
More than 120 years after Alphonse Laveran's discovery of the blood-stage malaria parasite, there is no licensed malaria vaccine and malaria remains the world's most serious parasitic disease. Efforts to develop a vaccine have been thwarted by the complexity of the parasite's life cycle and the ability of the parasite to suppress and evade the immune response. Currently, there are several candidate vaccines in clinical trials and many more candidate vaccines that have shown efficacy in animal models or are based on studies of the immune responses of people who are resistant to malaria. The sequencing of the genomes of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium yoelii yoelii in 2002 is expected to result in the identification of previously-unknown candidate vaccine targets from various stages of the Plasmodium life cycle. A great deal of effort is going into identifying the correlates of protection, potentially allowing more efficient testing of candidate vaccines in the future. The fact that a vaccine candidate has shown partial protection in field trials is a reason for hope that, with the proper effort and support, effective vaccines against malaria can be developed.
在阿尔方斯·拉韦朗发现血液阶段疟原虫120多年后，仍没有获得许可的疟疾疫苗，疟疾仍然是世界上最严重的寄生虫病。疫苗研发工作因疟原虫生命周期的复杂性以及疟原虫抑制和逃避免疫反应的能力而受阻。目前，有几种候选疫苗正在进行临床试验，还有更多候选疫苗在动物模型中显示出疗效，或者是基于对耐疟人群免疫反应的研究。2002年恶性疟原虫和约氏疟原虫基因组的测序有望从疟原虫生命周期的各个阶段识别出此前未知的候选疫苗靶点。人们正在投入大量精力来确定保护的相关因素，这有可能在未来更高效地测试候选疫苗。一种候选疫苗在现场试验中显示出部分保护作用，这让人们有理由希望，通过适当的努力和支持，能够研发出有效的疟疾疫苗。
