Rimpapa Zlatan, Sofić Emin, Sapcanin Aida, Toromanović Jasmin, Tahirović Ismet
Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Cekalusa 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2007 Feb;7(1):55-7. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2007.3091.
Neutral red is a dye the azine structure which has been used as an acido-base indicator and a dye in histochemistry. In 1960 Goldhaber introduced Neutral red into the medium of resorbing bone cultures to localize the osteoclast in the living cultures. Using time-lapse microcinematography in order to follow the osteoclasts, he reported excellent contrast could be obtained with Neutral red due to the avidity of osteoclasts for this dye. Unfortunately, however, the photodynamic effect resulting from subsequent exposure of these cultures to light precluded this approach, and again in 1963. it was observed that the death of the osteoclasts was probably due to a photodynamic effect related to the dye in the cell, the presence of oxygen and the frequent exposure of light by our time-lapse photography. VIS and UV irradiation induced photolysis of Neutral red, and from Neutral red cation produced with photons a Neutral red radical. This Neutral red radical can be inhibited with action of an antioxidant, such as melatonin, glutathione, ascorbic acid, E vitamin, etc. We developed an assay with Neutral red photolysis which utilizes a VIS and UV irradiation technique for quantification the inhibition of photolysis with action of an antioxidant. In this method Neutral red acts double, as a free radical generator and as a photosensitizer.
中性红是一种具有吖嗪结构的染料，曾用作酸碱指示剂和组织化学中的染料。1960年，戈德哈伯将中性红引入正在吸收的骨培养物培养基中，以在活培养物中定位破骨细胞。为了追踪破骨细胞，他使用了延时显微电影摄影技术，报告称由于破骨细胞对这种染料的亲和力，使用中性红可以获得极佳的对比度。然而，不幸的是，这些培养物随后暴露于光下所产生的光动力效应排除了这种方法，并且在1963年再次观察到破骨细胞的死亡可能是由于与细胞内染料、氧气的存在以及我们的延时摄影频繁曝光相关的光动力效应。可见光和紫外线照射会诱导中性红的光解，并由光子产生的中性红阳离子形成中性红自由基。这种中性红自由基可以通过抗氧化剂（如褪黑素、谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸、维生素E等）的作用来抑制。我们开发了一种中性红光解测定法，该方法利用可见光和紫外线照射技术来定量抗氧化剂作用对光解的抑制。在这种方法中，中性红具有双重作用，既是自由基产生剂又是光敏剂。
