Ansari K A
Eur Neurol. 1976;14(2):138-45. doi: 10.1159/000114736.
Serial binary dilutions of amyl acetate and nitrobenzene were used in a double-blind test to determine olfactory acuity of 40 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Similar determinations were made on 24 age- and sex-matched controls. Results of repeated measurements on 18 patients indicated that the methodology was reliably reproducible. When mean olfactory threshold on MS patients was compared with that of the controls no differences could be found. Among the MS patients, olfactory threshold did not vary with the presence or absence of optic involvement and correlated poorly with the degree of disability. These results are in disagreement with those of WENDER and SZMEJA who reported olfactory dysfunction in 18 out of 52 MS patients. Our findings are compatible with the observations of ZIMMERMAN and NETSKY who failed to find any plaques in olfactory tracts of MS brains. The significance of this disparity between involvement of optic and olfactory systems, both of which contain central myelin, is discussed. Available biochemical evidence suggests that, as postulated by LUMSDEN, sparing of olfactory tracts may in part be related to the relatively lower basic protein content of these structures.
在一项双盲试验中，使用乙酸戊酯和硝基苯的系列二元稀释液来测定40例多发性硬化症（MS）患者的嗅觉敏锐度。对24名年龄和性别匹配的对照者进行了类似的测定。对18例患者的重复测量结果表明该方法具有可靠的可重复性。将MS患者的平均嗅觉阈值与对照组进行比较时，未发现差异。在MS患者中，嗅觉阈值并不随是否存在视神经受累而变化，且与残疾程度的相关性较差。这些结果与温德（WENDER）和斯梅亚（SZMEJA）的结果不一致，他们报告称52例MS患者中有18例存在嗅觉功能障碍。我们的发现与齐默尔曼（ZIMMERMAN）和内茨基（NETSKY）的观察结果一致，他们在MS患者的嗅束中未发现任何斑块。本文讨论了视神经和嗅觉系统（两者均含有中枢髓磷脂）受累情况存在这种差异的意义。现有的生化证据表明，正如卢姆斯登（LUMSDEN）所假设的那样，嗅束未受累可能部分与这些结构中相对较低的碱性蛋白含量有关。
