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University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2007 Apr 20;98(16):162301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.162301. Epub 2007 Apr 16.
Differential measurements of elliptic flow (v2) for Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt[sNN]=200 GeV are used to test and validate predictions from perfect fluid hydrodynamics for scaling of v2 with eccentricity, system size, and transverse kinetic energy (KE T). For KE T identical with mT-m up to approximately 1 GeV the scaling is compatible with hydrodynamic expansion of a thermalized fluid. For large values of KE T mesons and baryons scale separately. Quark number scaling reveals a universal scaling of v2 for both mesons and baryons over the full KE T range for Au+Au. For Au+Au and Cu+Cu the scaling is more pronounced in terms of KE T, rather than transverse momentum.
在(\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200) GeV下，对金离子与金离子（Au+Au）以及铜离子与铜离子（Cu+Cu）碰撞的椭圆流（(v_2)）进行差分测量，以检验和验证理想流体动力学关于(v_2)与偏心率、系统大小和横向动能（(KE_T)）的标度关系的预测。对于(KE_T)，在大约1 GeV以下与(m_T - m)相同的情况下，该标度关系与热化流体的流体动力学膨胀兼容。对于较大的(KE_T)值，介子和重子分别标度。夸克数标度揭示了在金离子与金离子碰撞的整个(KE_T)范围内，介子和重子的(v_2)具有普遍标度关系。对于金离子与金离子以及铜离子与铜离子碰撞，这种标度关系在(KE_T)方面比在横向动量方面更为明显。
