Sternovsky Z, Amyx K, Bano G, Landgraf M, Horanyi M, Knappmiller S, Robertson S, Grün E, Srama R, Auer S
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0392, USA.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2007 Jan;78(1):014501. doi: 10.1063/1.2431089.
A new instrument to analyze the chemical composition of dust particles in situ in space has been developed. The large target area ( approximately 0.2 m(2)) makes this instrument well suited for detecting a statistically significant number of interstellar dust grains or other dust particles with a low flux. The device is a reflectron-type time-of-flight mass spectrometer that uses only flat electrodes for the generation of the parabolic potential. The instrument analyzes the ions from the impact generated plasma due to hypervelocity dust impacts onto a solid target surface. The SIMION ion optics software package is used to investigate different potential field configurations and optimize the mass resolution and focusing of the ions. The cylindrically symmetric instrument operates with six ring electrodes and six annular electrodes biased to different potentials to create the potential distribution of the reflectron. The laboratory model of the instrument has been fabricated and tested. Hypervelocity dust impacts are simulated by laser ablation using a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser with approximately 8 ns pulse length. The experimental data show typical mass resolution m/Deltam approximately 200.
一种用于在太空中原位分析尘埃颗粒化学成分的新型仪器已被研制出来。其大目标面积（约0.2平方米）使得该仪器非常适合检测具有统计学意义数量的星际尘埃颗粒或其他低通量尘埃颗粒。该装置是一种反射式飞行时间质谱仪，仅使用平板电极来产生抛物线形电势。该仪器分析因超高速尘埃撞击固体目标表面而产生的等离子体中的离子。使用SIMION离子光学软件包来研究不同的电势场配置，并优化离子的质量分辨率和聚焦。该圆柱形对称仪器由六个环形电极和六个偏置到不同电势的环形电极运行，以创建反射式的电势分布。该仪器的实验室模型已制造并测试。使用脉冲长度约为8纳秒的倍频Nd:YAG激光通过激光烧蚀来模拟超高速尘埃撞击。实验数据显示典型的质量分辨率m/Δm约为200。
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