Evans Meirion R, Prout Hayley, Prior Lindsay, Tapper-Jones Lorna M, Butler Chris C
Department of Epidemiology, Statistics and Public Health, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.
Br J Gen Pract. 2007 May;57(538):352-8.
Although influenza immunisation is now recommended for all people aged 65 years and over in the UK, many people in that age group still remain unimmunised.
To investigate lay beliefs about influenza and influenza vaccine in older people to identify appropriate ways of promoting vaccine uptake.
Qualitative study using narrative interviews.
Urban and rural communities in South Wales.
Participants were 54 people aged 65 years and over who were interviewed in their own home. Of these, 11 were regularly immunised, 18 had consistently refused immunisation (refusers), 15 had defaulted (defaulters), five had never been offered immunisation, and five had recently been immunised for the first time.
There was an overwhelming consensus among immunised and unimmunised individuals that they were not at risk from influenza. Even if they did catch influenza, they would not suffer from any serious consequences. Refusers and defaulters were more likely to believe that the influenza vaccine had serious side-effects, while the regularly immunised group were more likely to perceive the vaccine as effective. Multiple prompts from family, friends, or primary care staff were important triggers for receiving immunisation.
Many older people did not feel vulnerable to influenza, regardless of their age, and this influenced their views on the need for immunisation. Both refusers and defaulters overstated adverse effects from influenza vaccine so this is a potential target for an intervention. Individual prompts, particularly from GPs, seemed to be the most significant motivators to attend for immunisation.
尽管目前英国建议所有65岁及以上的人接种流感疫苗，但该年龄组的许多人仍未接种。
调查老年人对流感和流感疫苗的普遍看法，以确定促进疫苗接种的合适方法。
采用叙事访谈的定性研究。
南威尔士的城乡社区。
参与者为54名65岁及以上的老人，在他们自己家中接受访谈。其中，11人定期接种疫苗，18人一直拒绝接种（拒绝者），15人未接种（未接种者），5人从未被提供过接种机会，5人最近首次接种。
接种者和未接种者压倒性地一致认为他们没有感染流感的风险。即使感染了流感，也不会有任何严重后果。拒绝者和未接种者更倾向于认为流感疫苗有严重副作用，而定期接种组更倾向于认为疫苗有效。来自家人、朋友或初级保健人员的多次提醒是接受接种的重要触发因素。
许多老年人，无论年龄大小，都不觉得自己易患流感，这影响了他们对接种必要性的看法。拒绝者和未接种者都夸大了流感疫苗的不良反应，因此这是一个潜在的干预目标。个人提醒，尤其是来自全科医生的提醒，似乎是促使人们前往接种的最重要因素。
