Ford Briggett C, Bullard Kai McKeever, Taylor Robert Joseph, Toler Amanda K, Neighbors Harold W, Jackson James S
School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Aug;15(8):652-9. doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3180437d9e. Epub 2007 May 15.
The purpose of this study was to estimate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of 13 psychiatric disorders for older African Americans.
Data are from the older African American subsample of the National Survey of American Life. Selected measures of lifetime and 12-month Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) psychiatric disorders were examined (i.e., panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder, dysthymia, bipolar I and II disorders, alcohol abuse/dependence, and drug abuse/dependence).
Twenty-three percent of older African Americans reported at least one lifetime disorder and 8.54% reported at least one 12-month disorder. Alcohol abuse, PTSD, and major depression were the most prevalent lifetime disorders. The most prevalent 12-month disorders were PTSD, major depression, and social phobia. Age, sex, education, and region were significantly associated with the odds of having a lifetime disorder.
This is the first study of prevalence rates of serious mental disorders for older African Americans based on a national sample. Demographic correlates of the prevalence of disorders are discussed with an emphasis on age and regional differences.
本研究旨在估算老年非裔美国人中13种精神疾病的终生患病率和12个月患病率。
数据来自《美国生活全国调查》中的老年非裔美国人子样本。对终生和12个月的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版(DSM-IV)精神疾病的选定测量指标进行了检查(即惊恐障碍、广场恐惧症、社交恐惧症、广泛性焦虑障碍、强迫症、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、重度抑郁症、心境恶劣障碍、双相I型和II型障碍、酒精滥用/依赖以及药物滥用/依赖)。
23%的老年非裔美国人报告至少有一种终生疾病,8.54%报告至少有一种12个月内的疾病。酒精滥用、创伤后应激障碍和重度抑郁症是最常见的终生疾病。最常见的12个月内的疾病是创伤后应激障碍、重度抑郁症和社交恐惧症。年龄、性别、教育程度和地区与患终生疾病的几率显著相关。
这是第一项基于全国样本对老年非裔美国人严重精神疾病患病率进行的研究。讨论了疾病患病率的人口统计学相关因素,重点是年龄和地区差异。