Préville Michel, Boyer Richard, Grenier Sébastien, Dubé Micheline, Voyer Philippe, Punti Rosita, Baril Marie-Claire, Streiner David L, Cairney John, Brassard Joëlle
Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec.
Can J Psychiatry. 2008 Dec;53(12):822-32. doi: 10.1177/070674370805301208.
To document the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Quebec's older adult population.
Data came from the Enquête sur la santé des aînés study conducted in 2005--2006 using a representative sample (n = 2798) of community-dwelling older adults.
Our results indicate that 12.7% of the respondents met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for depression, mania, anxiety disorders, or benzodiazepine dependency. The 12-month prevalence rate of major depression was 1.1% and the prevalence of minor depression 5.7%. A total of 5.6% of the respondents reported an anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were specific phobia (2.0%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (1.5%), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (1.2%). Agoraphobia without panic disorder and panic disorder were reported by 0.3% and 0.6% of the respondents, respectively. The prevalence rate of benzodiazepine dependency was 2.3%. The 12-month comorbidity prevalence rate between any psychiatric disorders was 2.2%. Among those with depressive disorder, the most frequent comorbidity was observed between minor depression and specific phobia (4.3%), GAD (4.3%), OCD (3.7%), and mania (1.3%). Further, only 39% of those having at least one active DSM-IV diagnosis reported having used health services for their psychological distress symptoms during the previous 12 months. Among those who consulted health services, 85% visited a general practitioner.
Our results indicate that a large proportion of the elderly population in Quebec presents mental health needs. Longitudinal research focusing on the individual and social consequences of mental health problems reported by older adults is needed to avoid misinterpretation of this finding.
记录魁北克老年人群中精神障碍的患病率。
数据来自2005 - 2006年开展的老年人健康调查研究，该研究采用了具有代表性的社区居住老年人样本（n = 2798）。
我们的结果表明，12.7%的受访者符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM - IV）中关于抑郁、躁狂、焦虑障碍或苯二氮䓬依赖的标准。重度抑郁症的12个月患病率为1.1%，轻度抑郁症患病率为5.7%。共有5.6%的受访者报告患有焦虑障碍。最常见的焦虑障碍是特定恐惧症（2.0%）、强迫症（OCD）（1.5%）和广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）（1.2%）。分别有0.3%和0.6%的受访者报告了无惊恐障碍的广场恐惧症和惊恐障碍。苯二氮䓬依赖的患病率为2.3%。任何精神障碍之间的12个月共病患病率为2.2%。在患有抑郁症的人群中，最常见的共病情况是轻度抑郁症与特定恐惧症（4.3%）、广泛性焦虑障碍（4.3%）、强迫症（3.7%）和躁狂症（1.3%）之间。此外，在至少有一项活跃的DSM - IV诊断的人群中，只有39%的人报告在过去12个月中曾因心理困扰症状使用过医疗服务。在咨询过医疗服务的人群中，85%就诊于全科医生。
我们的结果表明，魁北克很大一部分老年人口存在心理健康需求。需要开展针对老年人报告的心理健康问题的个体和社会后果的纵向研究，以避免对这一发现的误解。
