Yamada Soichiro, Nelson W James
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Annu Rev Biochem. 2007;76:267-94. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142811.
Synapses are specialized adhesive contacts characteristic of many types of cell-cell interactions involving neurons, immune cells, epithelial cells, and even pathogens and host cells. Cell-cell adhesion is mediated by structurally diverse classes of cell-surface glycoproteins, which form homophilic or heterophilic interactions across the intercellular space. Adhesion proteins bind to a cytoplasmic network of scaffolding proteins, regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, and signal transduction pathways that control the structural and functional organization of synapses. The themes of this review are to compare the organization of synapses in different cell types and to understand how different classes of cell adhesion proteins and cytoplasmic protein networks specify the assembly of functionally distinct synapses in different cell contexts.
突触是多种细胞间相互作用所特有的特殊黏附接触点，这些相互作用涉及神经元、免疫细胞、上皮细胞，甚至病原体与宿主细胞。细胞间黏附由结构多样的细胞表面糖蛋白介导，这些糖蛋白在细胞间空间形成同嗜性或异嗜性相互作用。黏附蛋白与支架蛋白、肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节剂以及控制突触结构和功能组织的信号转导途径的细胞质网络相结合。本综述的主题是比较不同细胞类型中突触的组织方式，并了解不同类别的细胞黏附蛋白和细胞质蛋白网络如何在不同细胞环境中确定功能不同的突触组装。
