Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2007 Jul;5(4):526-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2007.00262.x.
Despite long-standing plant breeding investments and early successes in genetic engineering, plant viral pathogens still cause major losses in agriculture worldwide.Early transgenic approaches involved the expression of pathogen-derived sequences that provided limited protection against relatively narrow ranges of viral pathotypes. In contrast,this study demonstrates that the ectopic expression of pvr1, a recessive gene from Capsicum chinense, results in dominant broad-spectrum potyvirus resistance in transgenic tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). The pvr1 locus in pepper encodes the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E. Naturally occurring point mutations at this locus result in monogenic recessive broad-spectrum potyvirus resistance that has been globally deployed via plant breeding programmes for more than 50 years. Transgenic tomato progenies that over-expressed the Capsicum pvr1 allele showed dominant resistance to several tobacco etch virus strains and other potyviruses, including pepper mottle virus, a range of protection similar to that observed in pepper homozygous for the pvr1 allele.
尽管在植物育种方面进行了长期投资，并在基因工程方面取得了早期成功，但植物病毒病原体仍然在全球农业中造成重大损失。早期的转基因方法涉及表达病原体衍生序列，这些序列只能提供对相对狭窄范围的病毒株系的有限保护。相比之下，这项研究表明，辣椒隐性基因 pvr1 的异位表达可导致转基因番茄植株（Solanum lycopersicum）中显性广谱马铃薯 Y 病毒抗性。辣椒中的 pvr1 基因座编码真核翻译起始因子 eIF4E。该基因座的自然发生点突变导致单基因隐性广谱马铃薯 Y 病毒抗性，该抗性已通过植物育种计划在全球范围内使用了 50 多年。过表达辣椒 pvr1 等位基因的转基因番茄后代对几种烟草蚀纹病毒株系和其他马铃薯 Y 病毒表现出显性抗性，包括辣椒斑驳病毒，保护范围与 pvr1 等位基因纯合的辣椒相似。
