Hunter David Glenn, Speed Cathy A
University of the West of England, Faculty of Health and Social Care, Glenside Campus, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007 Apr;21(2):261-77. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2006.12.002.
Hamstring injuries have a high incidence and recurrence rate. Much is understood with regards to the mechanism of hamstring injury, with eccentric loading at fast rates being important. Little is known about the aetiology of hamstring injury, with age and previous injury being the only causative factors with robust scientific support. Clinically, it can be difficult to differentiate between a lesion occurring in hamstring tissue and pain that is experienced in the hamstrings that is referred from elsewhere. The use of specific examination procedures such as the slump test and the straight leg raise, supplemented with other sensitive and specific tests can help in the differential diagnosis. This chapter will explore the aetiology of chronic hamstring injury/posterior thigh pain, will discuss the differential diagnosis of chronic hamstring/posterior thigh pain, and present a model for the management of these injuries.
腘绳肌损伤的发病率和复发率都很高。关于腘绳肌损伤的机制，我们已经了解很多，快速离心负荷是其中的重要因素。关于腘绳肌损伤的病因，我们知之甚少，年龄和既往损伤是仅有的有充分科学依据的致病因素。临床上，很难区分腘绳肌组织内发生的损伤与腘绳肌从其他部位传来的疼痛。使用特定的检查方法，如垂头试验和直腿抬高试验，并辅以其他敏感和特异的检查，有助于进行鉴别诊断。本章将探讨慢性腘绳肌损伤/大腿后部疼痛的病因，讨论慢性腘绳肌/大腿后部疼痛的鉴别诊断，并提出这些损伤的管理模型。
