Podgórska Beata, Królicka Aleksandra, Lojkowska Ewa, Wegrzyn Grzegorz
Department of Genetics and Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sw. Wojciecha 5, 81-347 Gdynia, Poland.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2008 Jun;70(2):231-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.004. Epub 2007 May 18.
Detection of mutagenic pollution in natural environment is difficult as there are thousands of known chemical mutagens, and they have mutagenic effects usually at very low concentrations. Plants are able to accumulate various substances, including mutagens, in their tissues. Here, we demonstrate that rapid detection of mutagenic activities of compounds accumulated in plant tissues is possible using a recently developed microbiological mutagenicity assay, based on induction of bioluminescence of a dim mutant of a marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Using this assay, it was possible to detect mutagenic activity in extracts from relatively small amounts of tissues (1.5 g) collected from plants, which were cultured in vitro for 30 days in the presence of nano-molar concentrations of various chemical mutagens. Moreover, contrary to control samples, cultured in vitro without any mutagens, significant mutagenicity was detected in several extracts of plant tissues collected from natural environment. The whole procedure was as short as 4 h or less.
在自然环境中检测诱变污染很困难，因为已知的化学诱变剂有成千上万种，而且它们通常在极低浓度下就具有诱变作用。植物能够在其组织中积累各种物质，包括诱变剂。在此，我们证明，使用一种最近开发的微生物致突变性检测方法，基于对海洋细菌哈维氏弧菌的一个暗突变体生物发光的诱导，能够快速检测植物组织中积累的化合物的诱变活性。使用这种检测方法，可以检测从在纳摩尔浓度的各种化学诱变剂存在下体外培养30天的植物中收集的相对少量组织（1.5克）提取物中的诱变活性。此外，与在无任何诱变剂的情况下体外培养的对照样品相反，在从自然环境中收集的植物组织的几种提取物中检测到了显著的诱变性。整个过程短至4小时或更短。
