Intrauterine growth restriction: how to manage and when to deliver.

Intrauterine growth restriction secondary to placental insufficiency is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the United States. Once intrauterine growth restriction is identified, obstetrical management is focused on assuring safety while the fetus continues to mature within a potentially hostile intrauterine environment. In the United States, the approach to management and delivery of the premature growth-restricted fetus is often based on serial biophysical profile evaluations, whereas in Europe it is usually based on the results of cardiotocography. However, there is no single test that seems superior to the other available tests for timing the delivery of the growth-restricted fetus. Therefore, the decision to deliver a fetus, especially at <32 weeks, remains mostly on the basis of empirical management.