孕期暴露于母亲的抑郁和皮质醇环境会影响婴儿的气质。
Prenatal exposure to maternal depression and cortisol influences infant temperament.
作者信息
Davis Elysia Poggi, Glynn Laura M, Schetter Christine Dunkel, Hobel Calvin, Chicz-Demet Aleksandra, Sandman Curt A
机构信息
Drs. Davis, Glynn, Chicz-Demet, and Sandman are with the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine; Dr. Dunkel Schetter is with the Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles; and Dr. Hobel is with Maternal Fetal Medicine at Cedars Sinai.
Drs. Davis, Glynn, Chicz-Demet, and Sandman are with the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine; Dr. Dunkel Schetter is with the Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles; and Dr. Hobel is with Maternal Fetal Medicine at Cedars Sinai.
出版信息
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007 Jun;46(6):737-746. doi: 10.1097/chi.0b013e318047b775.
BACKGROUND
Accumulating evidence indicates that prenatal maternal and fetal processes can have a lasting influence on infant and child development. Results from animal models indicate that prenatal exposure to maternal stress and stress hormones has lasting consequences for development of the offspring. Few prospective studies of human pregnancy have examined the consequences of prenatal exposure to stress and stress hormones.
METHOD
In this study the effects of prenatal maternal psychosocial (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress) and endocrine (cortisol) indicators of stress on infant temperament were examined in a sample of 247 full-term infants. Maternal salivary cortisol and psychological state were evaluated at 18-20, 24-26, and 30-32 weeks of gestation and at 2 months postpartum. Infant temperament was assessed with a measure of negative reactivity (the fear subscale of the Infant Temperament Questionnaire) at 2 months of age.
RESULTS
Elevated maternal cortisol at 30-32 weeks of gestation, but not earlier in pregnancy, was significantly associated with greater maternal report of infant negative reactivity. Prenatal maternal anxiety and depression additionally predicted infant temperament. The associations between maternal cortisol and maternal depression remained after controlling for postnatal maternal psychological state.
CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that prenatal exposure to maternal stress has consequences for the development of infant temperament.
背景
越来越多的证据表明，产前母亲和胎儿的生理过程会对婴幼儿发育产生持久影响。动物模型的研究结果表明，产前暴露于母体应激和应激激素会对后代的发育产生持久影响。很少有关于人类妊娠的前瞻性研究探讨产前暴露于应激和应激激素的后果。
方法
在本研究中，对247名足月儿样本进行了研究，以探讨产前母亲心理社会因素（焦虑、抑郁和感知应激）及应激的内分泌指标（皮质醇）对婴儿气质的影响。在妊娠18 - 20周、24 - 26周、30 - 32周以及产后2个月时评估母亲的唾液皮质醇和心理状态。在婴儿2个月大时，用一种负性反应性测量方法（婴儿气质问卷的恐惧分量表）评估婴儿气质。
结果
妊娠30 - 32周时母亲皮质醇升高（而非妊娠早期）与母亲报告的婴儿负性反应性增加显著相关。产前母亲的焦虑和抑郁也可预测婴儿气质。在控制产后母亲心理状态后，母亲皮质醇与母亲抑郁之间的关联依然存在。
结论
这些数据表明，产前暴露于母体应激会对婴儿气质的发育产生影响。
Zotero 插件