Luecken Linda J, MacKinnon David P, Jewell Shannon L, Crnic Keith A, Gonzales Nancy A
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104.
Dev Psychobiol. 2015 Dec;57(8):961-73. doi: 10.1002/dev.21328. Epub 2015 Jun 27.
Prenatal psychosocial exposures can significantly affect infant health and development. Infants with higher temperamental negativity are theorized to be more susceptible to environmental exposures. We evaluated the interaction of prenatal maternal exposures and infant temperamental negativity to predict infant cortisol response to mildly challenging mother-infant interaction tasks. Participants included 322 Mexican American mother-infant dyads (mother age 18-42; 82% Spanish-speaking; modal family income $10,000-$15,000). Mothers reported depressive symptoms and social support prenatally and infant temperamental negativity at 6 weeks postpartum. Salivary cortisol was collected from infants before and after mother-infant interaction tasks at 12 weeks. Higher prenatal maternal depressive symptoms and lower social support predicted higher cortisol among infants with higher temperamental negativity. Higher infant temperamental negativity predicted an increase in maternal distress and a decrease in social support from prenatal to 12 weeks postpartum. Interactive influences of maternal social-contextual factors and infant temperament may influence the development of infant neurobiological regulation and promote or strain maternal and infant adaptation over time.
产前心理社会暴露会显著影响婴儿的健康和发育。理论上，气质消极性较高的婴儿更容易受到环境暴露的影响。我们评估了产前母亲暴露与婴儿气质消极性之间的相互作用，以预测婴儿对轻度挑战性母婴互动任务的皮质醇反应。参与者包括322对墨西哥裔美国母婴二元组（母亲年龄18 - 42岁；82%说西班牙语；家庭收入中位数为10,000 - 15,000美元）。母亲们在产前报告了抑郁症状和社会支持情况，并在产后6周报告了婴儿的气质消极性。在12周时，在母婴互动任务前后收集婴儿的唾液皮质醇。产前母亲抑郁症状较高且社会支持较低，预示着气质消极性较高的婴儿皮质醇水平较高。婴儿气质消极性较高预示着母亲的痛苦增加，以及从产前到产后12周社会支持的减少。母亲社会背景因素和婴儿气质的交互影响可能会影响婴儿神经生物学调节的发展，并随着时间的推移促进或阻碍母婴适应。
