Sejvar James J
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jun 15;44(12):1617-24. doi: 10.1086/518281. Epub 2007 May 2.
Since its introduction to North America in 1999, human infection with West Nile virus (WNV) has resulted in considerable acute morbidity and mortality. Although the ongoing epidemic has resulted in a great increase in our understanding of the acute clinical features of human illness and helped to define associated clinical syndromes, far less is known about potential long-term clinical and functional sequelae. Several recent assessments, however, suggest that patients--even those with apparently mild cases of acute disease--frequently have subjective, somatic complaints following WNV infection. Persistent movement disorders, cognitive complaints, and functional disability may occur after West Nile neuroinvasive disease. West Nile poliomyelitis may result in limb weakness and ongoing morbidity that is likely to be long term. Although further assessment is needed, the long-term neurological and functional sequelae of WNV infection are likely to represent a considerable source of morbidity in patients long after their recovery from acute illness.
自1999年西尼罗河病毒（WNV）传入北美以来，人类感染该病毒已导致相当多的急性发病和死亡。尽管当前的疫情使我们对人类疾病的急性临床特征有了更深入的了解，并有助于明确相关的临床综合征，但对于潜在的长期临床和功能后遗症却知之甚少。然而，最近的几项评估表明，即使是那些急性疾病症状明显较轻的患者，在感染WNV后也经常出现主观的躯体不适。西尼罗河神经侵袭性疾病后可能会出现持续性运动障碍、认知障碍和功能残疾。西尼罗河脊髓灰质炎可能导致肢体无力和持续的发病，这种情况可能会持续很长时间。尽管还需要进一步评估，但WNV感染的长期神经和功能后遗症很可能在患者从急性疾病中康复后的很长一段时间内成为相当大的发病源。
