Carter Jeffrey R, Neufeld Richard W J
Mme Vanier Children's Srvices, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2007 May;116(2):290-305. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.116.2.290.
Connectionist-model simulations of competing hypotheses of cognition in schizophrenia were constructed and tested. Emphasis was placed on judgment of affect, a prominent area of disturbance in this disorder with potential implications for social impairment. Participants with paranoid or nonparanoid schizophrenia and control participants provided judgments of affect as expressed in photographic faces. Schizophrenia groups were less accurate than control groups, and the paranoid group had greater latencies than did other groups. Model predictions simultaneously addressed judgment content and latencies for each trial. Results provide a connectionist extension of an account of deficits in schizophrenia that originated at the computational (stochastic modeling) level of analysis. This account postulates extra stages of item encoding but no reduction in formally defined processing capacity. It also provides for abnormalities in both judgment patterns and duration and is consistent with biological accounts of schizophrenia deficits. The substantive findings are supported by strategic innovations in the construction and testing of connectionist models.
构建并测试了关于精神分裂症认知竞争假说的联结主义模型模拟。重点在于情感判断，这是该疾病中一个突出的干扰领域，对社会功能损害具有潜在影响。患有偏执型或非偏执型精神分裂症的参与者以及对照组参与者对照片面部所表达的情感进行判断。精神分裂症组的判断准确性低于对照组，且偏执型组的反应潜伏期比其他组更长。模型预测同时涉及每次试验的判断内容和潜伏期。结果为精神分裂症缺陷的一种解释提供了联结主义扩展，该解释起源于计算（随机建模）分析层面。此解释假定了项目编码的额外阶段，但并未降低形式上定义的处理能力。它还考虑到判断模式和持续时间的异常，并且与精神分裂症缺陷的生物学解释一致。实质性发现得到了联结主义模型构建和测试中的策略创新的支持。
