Wolf P, Häbich A-C, Bürkle M, Kamphues J
Institute of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Hannover, Germany.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2007 Jun;91(5-6):282-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00706.x.
Although knowledge of the nutrient requirements of pet birds has increased a lot over the last few years, basic data on food and water intake and the energy requirements of nectarivorous species, such as lorikeets, are scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to try to generate some of these data for lorikeets kept at maintenance. Determination of the daily maintenance energy requirement enables calculation of the daily ration and thus, the appropriate nutrient concentrations in order to maintain body weight. Investigations were carried out with six Goldie's lorikeets (GL; Trichoglossus goldiei: 40-50 g BW; 1-4 years) and six rainbow lorikeets (RL; Trichoglossus haematodus haematodus: 120-140 g BW; 1-12 years). Three of the most commonly used diets/foods (commercial 'lory soup'/apples/pollen: crude ash - 52.9/17.8/18.8; crude protein - 178/32.5/191; crude fat - 52.8/0.89/73.1; crude fibre - 17.9/40.5/30.4; starch - 139/not detectable/127; sugar - 522/859/418 g/kg DM; ME - 13.9/14.6/10.9 MJ/kg DM) were individually offered ad libitum. The measured dry matter (DM) intake (g/100 g BW) corresponded well to the values reported for granivorous bird species of similar body mass. Both lorikeet species achieved an apparent digestibility of organic matter of more than 90% for apples, approximately 82% for 'lory soup' and approximately 55% for pollen. The water content of the food affected the DM content of the excreta; 8% when fed 'lory soup', 2% for apples and approximately 30% when fed pollen. Regression analysis of body weight change relative to energy intake demonstrated constant body mass (assuming no change in body composition) when the daily energy intakes were 860 (GL) or 650 (RL) kJ ME/kg BW(0.75).
尽管在过去几年中，人们对宠物鸟营养需求的了解有了很大增加，但关于食蜜鸟类（如吸蜜鹦鹉）的食物和水分摄入量以及能量需求的基础数据却很匮乏。因此，本研究的目的是尝试为维持状态的吸蜜鹦鹉生成一些此类数据。确定每日维持能量需求能够计算出每日定量，进而确定合适的营养浓度以维持体重。对六只戈氏吸蜜鹦鹉（GL；戈氏虹彩吸蜜鹦鹉：体重40 - 50克；1 - 4岁）和六只彩虹吸蜜鹦鹉（RL；虹彩吸蜜鹦鹉指名亚种：体重120 - 140克；1 - 12岁）进行了研究。随意单独提供三种最常用的日粮/食物（市售“吸蜜鹦鹉汤”/苹果/花粉：粗灰分 - 52.9/17.8/18.8；粗蛋白 - 178/32.5/191；粗脂肪 - 52.8/0.89/73.1；粗纤维 - 17.9/40.5/30.4；淀粉 - 139/未检出/127；糖 - 522/859/418克/千克干物质；代谢能 - 13.9/14.6/10.9兆焦/千克干物质）。测得的干物质摄入量（克/100克体重）与报道的类似体重的食谷鸟类的值相当吻合。两种吸蜜鹦鹉对苹果的有机物表观消化率均超过90%，对“吸蜜鹦鹉汤”约为82%，对花粉约为55%。食物的含水量影响排泄物的干物质含量；喂食“吸蜜鹦鹉汤”时为8%，喂食苹果时为2%，喂食花粉时约为30%。相对于能量摄入量的体重变化回归分析表明，当日能量摄入量为860（GL）或650（RL）千焦代谢能/千克体重（0.75）时，体重保持恒定（假设身体组成无变化）。
