Karlson Karin, Bonsdorff Erik, Rosenberg Rutger
Göteborg Univeristy, Department of Marine Ecology, Sweden.
Ambio. 2007 Apr;36(2-3):161-7. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[161:tiobmf]2.0.co;2.
This article focuses on the ecological role of benthic macrofauna on nutrient dynamics and benthic-pelagic coupling in the Baltic Sea with relation to eutrophication. Generally, benthic macrofaunal activities have large effects on sediment biogeochemistry and often with stimulatory effects on processes that counteract eutrophication, i.e., denitrification and increased phosphorus retention of the sediment. The degree of faunal impact on such processes varies depending on faunal density and functional group composition. The effect of macrofaunal activities on sediment nutrient dynamics can also result in a higher nitrogen: phosporus ratio of the sediments efflux compared with sediments without macrofauna. Increased internal nutrient loading during eutrophication-induced anoxia is suggested to be caused both by altered sediment biogeochemical processes and through reduced or lost bioturbating macrofauna and thereby a reduced stimulatory effect from their activities on natural purification processes of the Baltic Sea ecosystem.
本文聚焦于波罗的海大型底栖动物在营养动态及底栖-水层耦合方面的生态作用，以及与富营养化的关系。总体而言，大型底栖动物的活动对沉积物生物地球化学有重大影响，且常常对抵制富营养化的过程具有促进作用，即反硝化作用以及沉积物中磷保留量的增加。动物对这些过程的影响程度因动物密度和功能群组成而异。大型底栖动物活动对沉积物营养动态的影响还可能导致沉积物流出物的氮磷比高于没有大型底栖动物的沉积物。富营养化引发缺氧期间内部营养负荷增加，这被认为是由沉积物生物地球化学过程改变以及生物扰动大型底栖动物减少或消失所致，从而其活动对波罗的海生态系统自然净化过程的促进作用降低。
