Corwin J T, Jones J E, Katayama A, Kelley M W, Warchol M E
Department of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville 22908.
Ciba Found Symp. 1991;160:103-20; discussion 120-30. doi: 10.1002/9780470514122.ch6.
Hair cells are produced and accumulate in the ears of fish and amphibians as they grow during postembryonic life; hair cell regeneration occurs in lateral line organs in those groups and in the cochlea in birds. Continuous time-lapse microscopy has directly demonstrated that supporting cells divide to give rise to hair cells during regeneration in lateral line neuromasts. Supporting cells also appear to give rise to hair cells during regeneration in the avian ear, but additional cell types have been proposed as hair cell progenitors. Alternative interpretations of current evidence are discussed in relation to the possibility that supporting cells may be the common progenitor in all cases of hair cell regeneration. The regenerative proliferation of hair cells in birds occurs in populations of cells that are mitotically quiescent in undamaged ears. Evidence suggests that the extrusion of damaged hair cells and the breaking of intercellular junctional adhesions may be a trigger for regenerative proliferation. The potential triggering influence of phagocytes is also discussed. The differentiation of replacement cells during regeneration in the cochlea may be regulated by surface interactions between cells. A model that could account for the reconstitution of the mosaic pattern of hair cells and supporting cells is proposed.
毛细胞在鱼类和两栖动物胚胎后期生长过程中于耳内产生并聚集；在这些类群的侧线器官以及鸟类的耳蜗中会发生毛细胞再生。连续延时显微镜直接证明，在侧线神经丘再生过程中，支持细胞分裂产生毛细胞。在鸟类耳朵再生过程中，支持细胞似乎也能产生毛细胞，但也有其他细胞类型被认为是毛细胞祖细胞。结合支持细胞可能是所有毛细胞再生情况的共同祖细胞这一可能性，讨论了对当前证据的不同解释。鸟类毛细胞的再生增殖发生在未受损耳朵中处于有丝分裂静止状态的细胞群体中。有证据表明，受损毛细胞的挤出以及细胞间连接黏附的破坏可能是再生增殖的触发因素。还讨论了吞噬细胞的潜在触发影响。耳蜗再生过程中替代细胞的分化可能受细胞间表面相互作用的调节。提出了一个可以解释毛细胞和支持细胞镶嵌模式重建的模型。
