Morrongiello Barbara A, Lasenby-Lessard Jennifer, Matheis Shawn
Psychology Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2007 Sep;32(8):926-37. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm027. Epub 2007 May 23.
Unintentional injuries are a leading threat to the health of elementary-school children, with many injuries happening when children are left to make their own decisions about risk taking during play. The present study sought to identify determinants of children's physical taking.
An ecologically valid task that posed some threat of injury was used (i.e., highest height of a balance beam they would walk across). Ratings of cognitions (extent of danger, perceived vulnerability for personal injury, potential severity of injury) and emotional reactions (fear, excitement) were taken when on the beam, just before the children walked across.
Regression analysis, controlling for age and sex, revealed that risk taking was predicted from ratings of danger, fear, and excitement.
Both cognitive and emotional factors independently contribute to predict children's physical risk taking. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
意外伤害是对小学生健康的主要威胁，许多伤害发生在孩子们在玩耍时自行决定冒险的时候。本研究旨在确定儿童身体冒险行为的决定因素。
使用了一项存在一定受伤风险的生态有效任务（即他们愿意走过的平衡木的最高高度）。在孩子们走上平衡木之前，记录他们在平衡木上时对认知（危险程度、个人受伤的感知易感性、潜在伤害严重程度）和情绪反应（恐惧、兴奋）的评分。
在控制年龄和性别的回归分析中，发现冒险行为可由危险、恐惧和兴奋的评分预测。
认知和情感因素均独立地有助于预测儿童的身体冒险行为。讨论了这些发现的理论和实践意义。
