School of Medicine, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia.
National Centre for Farmer Health, Western District Health Service, Hamilton, VIC 2200, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 4;18(11):6063. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18116063.
Children on farms have been identified as a population vulnerable to injury. This review seeks to identify child farm-related injury rates in Australia and to determine the key hazards and contributing risk factors. This critical review utilised the PRISMA guidelines for database searching. Research from the year 2000 onward was included as well as earlier seminal texts. Reference lists were searched, and the relevant research material was explored. Our primary focus was on Australian peer-reviewed literature with international and grey literature examples included. Evidence suggests that there is limited Australian research focusing on child farm-related injuries. Child representation in farm-related injuries in Australia has remained consistent over time, and the key hazards causing these injuries have remained the same for over 20 years. The factors contributing to child rates of farm injury described in the literature include child development and exposure to dangerous environments, the risk-taking culture, multi-generational farming families, lack of supervision, child labour and lack of regulation, limited targeted farm safety programs, underuse of safe play areas, financial priorities and poor understanding and operationalisation of the hierarchy of control. It is well known that children experience injury on farms, and the key hazards that cause this have been clearly identified. However, the level of exposure to hazards and the typical attitudes, behaviours and actions of children and their parents around the farm that contribute to chid injury remain unexplored.
儿童在农场中被认为是易受伤的群体。本综述旨在确定澳大利亚与农场相关的儿童受伤率，并确定主要危害和相关风险因素。本批判性综述采用 PRISMA 指南进行数据库搜索。纳入了 2000 年以后的研究以及早期的重要文献。检索了参考文献，并探索了相关研究材料。我们主要关注澳大利亚同行评议文献，并纳入了国际和灰色文献的示例。有证据表明，澳大利亚针对与农场相关的儿童受伤的研究有限。在澳大利亚，与农场相关的儿童受伤的代表性在过去 20 多年来一直保持稳定，导致这些受伤的主要危害也一直保持不变。文献中描述的导致儿童农场受伤率的因素包括儿童发育和暴露于危险环境、冒险文化、多代农场家庭、缺乏监督、童工和缺乏监管、有限的针对性农场安全计划、安全游乐区使用不足、财务优先事项以及对控制层次结构的理解和实施不足。众所周知，儿童在农场会受伤，造成这种伤害的主要危害已经明确。然而，儿童和其父母在农场周围接触危险的程度，以及导致儿童受伤的典型态度、行为和行动仍有待探索。
