Gessler Cesare, Patocchi Andrea
Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2007;107:113-32. doi: 10.1007/10_2007_053.
This review summarizes the achievements of almost 20 years of recombinant DNA technology applied to apple, grouping the research results into the sections: developing the technology, insect resistance, fungal disease resistance, self-incompatibility, herbicide resistance, fire blight resistance, fruit ripening, allergens, rooting ability, and acceptance and risk assessment. The diseases fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, and scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, were and still are the prime targets. Shelf life improvement and rooting ability of rootstocks are also relevant research areas. The tools to create genetically modified apples of added value to producers, consumers, and the environment are now available.
本综述总结了近20年来将重组DNA技术应用于苹果的成果，将研究结果分为以下几个部分：技术发展、抗虫性、抗真菌病性、自交不亲和性、抗除草剂性、抗火疫病性、果实成熟、过敏原、生根能力以及接受度和风险评估。由解淀粉欧文氏菌引起的火疫病和由苹果黑星菌引起的黑星病过去是、现在仍然是主要目标。延长货架期和砧木的生根能力也是相关研究领域。现在已有工具可用于培育对生产者、消费者和环境都具有附加价值的转基因苹果。
