Digiusto Erol, Treloar Carla
National Centre in HIV Social Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Addiction. 2007 Jun;102(6):958-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01842.x.
This study investigated equity of access to treatment and barriers to treatment for illicit drug use, using Andersen's behavioural model of health service utilization.
The study involved 492 drug users who had received treatment and 193 who had not.
Participants were interviewed to gather data relating to 19 predisposing, need and enabling variables.
Never-treated participants exhibited less need for treatment than those who had received treatment. They experienced less negative emotion, used their main drug less often, had fewer drug-related health problems and fewer drug-using friends, were less likely to have blood-borne virus infections and were more likely to be using drugs for 'fun'. They also had more negative attitudes towards drug treatment staff, were less likely to believe that appropriate treatment was available and less likely to believe that professional help was necessary to get off drugs. Prevalence of physical and mental health problems was high in both groups.
The study documented significant unmet treatment need and identified several sources of inequity and barriers to treatment that would be amenable to policy and service development. Drug user organizations and peer educators and motivational interventions in primary care settings should be utilized to market the nature and benefits of treatment effectively, and to address the causes of drug users' negative attitudes towards treatment.
本研究运用安德森卫生服务利用行为模型，调查了非法药物使用治疗的可及性公平性及治疗障碍。
该研究涉及492名接受过治疗的吸毒者和193名未接受过治疗的吸毒者。
对参与者进行访谈，以收集与19个 predisposing、需求和促成变量相关的数据。
从未接受过治疗的参与者比接受过治疗的参与者表现出更低的治疗需求。他们经历的负面情绪更少，主要药物使用频率更低，与药物相关的健康问题更少，吸毒的朋友更少，感染血源性病毒的可能性更小，更有可能是为了“好玩”而吸毒。他们对戒毒治疗人员的态度也更消极，不太可能相信有合适的治疗方法，也不太可能相信戒毒需要专业帮助。两组的身心健康问题患病率都很高。
该研究记录了显著未满足的治疗需求，并确定了几个不公平来源和治疗障碍，这些都适合政策和服务发展。应利用吸毒者组织、同伴教育者以及初级保健机构中的动机干预措施，有效地宣传治疗的性质和益处，并解决吸毒者对治疗持消极态度的原因。
