Yang Eun Ju, Chung Hae Kyung, Kim Wha Young, Bianchi Leonard, Song Won O
Department of Culinary Science, Honam University, Gwangju, Korea.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2007 Jun;107(6):942-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.03.005.
National health in the United States is influenced by the dietary norms brought into the country by an increasing number of immigrants.
This cross-sectional study aimed to document dietary changes and disease prevalence in relation to the length of residence in the United States for Korean Americans in Michigan.
Of 1,860 questionnaires mailed out, 637 (34.3%) were returned with respondent-reported information, including demographics, weight and height, chronic diseases, and dietary patterns.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Included in the final analyses were 497 first-generation Korean-American immigrants (263 men, 234 women, aged 30 to 87 years).
Analysis of covariance with the Tukey test and logistic regression models provided sex-specific analysis of dietary changes and disease patterns. All statistical analyses were adjusted for age.
Chronic diseases reported most frequently by men and women, respectively, were hypertension, digestive diseases, arthritis, and diabetes. Length of residence in the United States (<or=15 years, 16 to 25 years, or >or=26 years) was inversely associated with the prevalence of digestive diseases in men (P=0.017) and women (P=0.001), and positively with respiratory diseases in men and thyroid disease in women (P<0.05). Length of residence in the United States was inversely associated with intake of rice/rice dishes in both men (servings per week, P<0.001) and women (P=0.012). The prevalence of digestive diseases associated inversely with length of residence and positively with servings of rice/rice dishes consumed for Korean-American men. The age-adjusted odds ratio for digestive diseases was highest among men who had the shortest length of residence in the United States (<or=15 years) and greater consumption of rice/rice dishes (>2 servings per day) (odds ratio 12.10; P=0.03).
Dietary changes of Korean-American immigrants in the United States over time were associated with changes in their chronic disease patterns. These findings may help food and nutrition professionals who work with minority immigrants because they identify factors that affect changes in dietary patterns and work toward preventing diet-related diseases. Prospective studies could address underlying mechanisms of the observed diet-disease relationship with subsequent generations of Korean Americans, as well as various ethnic minority immigrants in the United States.
美国的国民健康受到越来越多移民带入该国的饮食规范的影响。
这项横断面研究旨在记录密歇根州韩裔美国人的饮食变化以及与在美国居住时长相关的疾病患病率。
在寄出的1860份问卷中，637份（34.3%）被返还，其中包含受访者报告的信息，包括人口统计学信息、体重和身高、慢性病以及饮食模式。
研究对象/研究地点：最终分析纳入了497名第一代韩裔美国移民（263名男性，234名女性，年龄在30至87岁之间）。
采用协方差分析及Tukey检验和逻辑回归模型，对饮食变化和疾病模式进行了按性别分类的分析。所有统计分析均对年龄进行了调整。
男性和女性报告最频繁的慢性病分别为高血压、消化系统疾病、关节炎和糖尿病。在美国的居住时长（≤15年、16至25年或≥26年）与男性（P = 0.017）和女性（P = 0.001）消化系统疾病的患病率呈负相关，与男性的呼吸系统疾病和女性的甲状腺疾病患病率呈正相关（P < 0.05）。在美国的居住时长与男性（每周份数，P < 0.001）和女性（P = 0.012）的米饭/米饭类菜肴摄入量均呈负相关。对于韩裔美国男性，消化系统疾病的患病率与居住时长呈负相关，与食用的米饭/米饭类菜肴份数呈正相关。在美国居住时长最短（≤15年）且米饭/米饭类菜肴摄入量较大（每天>2份）的男性中，经年龄调整后的消化系统疾病优势比最高（优势比12.10；P = 0.03）。
随着时间推移，美国韩裔移民的饮食变化与他们的慢性病模式变化相关。这些发现可能有助于为少数族裔移民提供服务的食品和营养专业人员，因为它们确定了影响饮食模式变化的因素，并致力于预防与饮食相关的疾病。前瞻性研究可以探讨观察到的饮食与疾病关系对韩裔美国人后代以及美国各种少数族裔移民的潜在机制。
