Lesser Iris A, Gasevic Danijela, Lear Scott A
Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada ; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada ; Division of Cardiology, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 18;9(2):e88495. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088495. eCollection 2014.
Dietary acculturation, specifically the adoption of western dietary habits, may result in adverse health effects such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the role of acculturation in dietary patterns as well as awareness and knowledge of healthy nutrition among South Asian immigrants. This is an especially important population to target as South Asians have higher prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which may be magnified with immigration. The current investigation is a sub-study of the Multi-Cultural Community Health Assessment Trial (M-CHAT). There were 207 participants of South Asian origin included in the initial study, 129 were born outside of Canada and had immigrated after the age of 18. The length of residence in Canada was used as a marker for acculturation. A questionnaire addressing perceived changes in dietary patterns, food preparation, and nutrition knowledge and awareness since immigration was used to assess dietary practices. The association between length of residence and variables related to perceived changes in dietary patterns was explored with Spearman correlation and significant associations were subsequently analyzed with ordinal logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, education and body mass index. South Asian immigrants in Canada reported a variety of positive dietary practices, including an increased consumption of fruits and vegetables and an improvement in food preparation (including an increase in grilling and a decrease in deep frying when cooking). However, there was a reported increase in the consumption of convenience foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, red meat and in dining out. South Asian immigrants in Canada reported a variety of positive dietary practices including an improvement in food preparation. Future health promotion strategies should encourage cultural sensitivity in efforts to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage, convenience foods and to encourage eating at home rather than dining out.
饮食文化适应，特别是对西方饮食习惯的采用，可能会导致肥胖和2型糖尿病等不良健康影响。因此，有必要探讨文化适应在饮食模式中的作用，以及南亚移民对健康营养的认知和知识。这是一个特别重要的目标人群，因为南亚人2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的患病率较高，而移民可能会使这些患病率进一步升高。当前的调查是多元文化社区健康评估试验（M-CHAT）的一项子研究。初始研究纳入了207名南亚裔参与者，其中129人出生在加拿大境外，18岁以后移民到加拿大。在加拿大的居住时长被用作文化适应的一个指标。一份关于自移民以来饮食模式、食物制备以及营养知识和认知方面感知到的变化的问卷，被用于评估饮食习惯。通过斯皮尔曼相关性分析探讨了居住时长与饮食模式感知变化相关变量之间的关联，随后使用经年龄、性别、教育程度和体重指数调整的有序逻辑回归分析对显著关联进行了分析。加拿大的南亚移民报告了各种积极的饮食习惯，包括水果和蔬菜摄入量增加以及食物制备方面的改善（包括烹饪时烤制增加、油炸减少）。然而，据报告即食食品、含糖饮料、红肉的消费量以及外出就餐次数有所增加。加拿大的南亚移民报告了各种积极的饮食习惯，包括食物制备方面的改善。未来的健康促进策略应鼓励在努力减少含糖饮料、即食食品的消费以及鼓励在家用餐而非外出就餐方面提高文化敏感性。
