Ekundayo Olaniyi J, Dodson-Stallworth Joana, Roofe Michelle, Aban Inmaculada B, Kempf Mirjam C, Ehiri John E, Jolly Pauline E
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2007 May 1;7:567-76. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2007.104.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Jamaican adolescents and examine its association with individual and family factors. We used an abbreviated form of the Beck's Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) to assess depressive symptoms among 748 students, attending public high schools in the parish of Hanover Jamaica. In the analysis, we classified adolescents with scores in the upper quartile of the depressive symptom score as having depressive symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of depressive symptoms. 14.2% of participants reported depressive symptoms. There was association between engagement in sexual activity [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.61, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.02-2.51], parental monitoring of adolescent activity (OR=2.04, 95%CI=1.33 -3.12), maternal affection and support (OR= 4.07, 95%CI= 2.62-6.33), and paternal affection and support (OR= 1.58, 95%CI= 1.05-2.39) with self reported depressive symptoms at the bivariate level. In the final model, depressive symptoms was associated with perceived lack of maternal affection and support (OR= 4.06, 95%CI= 2.61-6.32) and showed marginal association with being sexually experienced (OR= 1.59, 95%CI= 1.00-2.52). As most homes are female-headed, establishing support systems for the mother to take care of their adolescent children may decrease the odds of depressive symptoms. Sexually experienced adolescents may require screening for depression. Further research is required to fully explore all factors that could predispose Jamaican adolescents to depression.
本研究的目的是确定牙买加青少年抑郁症状的患病率，并检验其与个人及家庭因素的关联。我们使用贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）的简化版，对牙买加汉诺威教区公立高中的748名学生的抑郁症状进行评估。在分析中，我们将抑郁症状得分处于上四分位数的青少年归类为有抑郁症状。采用多变量逻辑回归来确定抑郁症状的预测因素。14.2%的参与者报告有抑郁症状。在双变量水平上，参与性活动[比值比（OR）=1.61，95%置信区间（CI）=1.02 - 2.51]、父母对青少年活动的监督（OR = 2.04，95%CI = 1.33 - 3.12）、母亲的关爱与支持（OR = 4.07，95%CI = 2.62 - 6.33）以及父亲的关爱与支持（OR = 1.58，95%CI = 1.05 - 2.39）与自我报告的抑郁症状之间存在关联。在最终模型中，抑郁症状与感知到缺乏母亲的关爱与支持相关（OR = 4.06，95%CI = 2.61 - 6.32），并且与有性经历存在边缘关联（OR = 1.59，95%CI = 1.00 - 2.52）。由于大多数家庭是女性当家，建立支持系统让母亲照顾她们的青少年子女可能会降低出现抑郁症状的几率。有性经历的青少年可能需要进行抑郁筛查。需要进一步研究以全面探究所有可能使牙买加青少年易患抑郁症的因素。
