Shormanov S V, Ial'tsev A V, Shormanov I S, Kulikov S V
Morfologiia. 2007;131(1):44-9.
This work presents the results of studies of polypoid cushions (PC). For elucidation of their structure, morphogenesis and functions, a complex of histological, histochemical, morphometric and experimental methods was used. It was demonstrated that PC could be detected in the arteries of heart, lungs, kidneys, brain and the organs of digestive tract in humans and some animals species except the vessells of the minor circle. PC were found at different levels of vascular bed with the exception of microcirculatory vessels. They were situated in places of arterial branching and sometimes were combined with intimal musculature and musculo-elastic sphincters. Three types of PC were distinguished, which differed in their histological structure. It was shown that the number of PC increased significantly in the cases of circulation disturbances, indicating the importance of hemodynamic factor in their development. The functional role of these structures might be associated with the regulation of regional blood circulation by blocking blood flow and its redistribution within the vascular bed in accordance with the requirements of the organ at a particular moment.
这项工作展示了对息肉样垫（PC）的研究结果。为阐明其结构、形态发生和功能，采用了组织学、组织化学、形态计量学和实验等一系列方法。结果表明，除小循环血管外，在人类和一些动物物种的心脏、肺、肾、脑及消化道器官的动脉中均可检测到PC。除微循环血管外，在血管床的不同水平均发现了PC。它们位于动脉分支处，有时与内膜肌层和肌肉弹性括约肌相结合。区分出了三种类型的PC，它们在组织结构上有所不同。结果显示，在循环障碍的情况下，PC的数量显著增加，这表明血流动力学因素在其形成过程中具有重要作用。这些结构的功能作用可能与根据特定时刻器官的需求，通过阻断血流及其在血管床内的重新分布来调节局部血液循环有关。
