Lallemand Frédéric, Ward Roberta J, De Witte Philippe
Laboratoire de Biologie du Comportement, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1 Place Croix du Sud, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2007 May-Jun;42(3):207-18. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agm023.
The ability of nicotine to modify withdrawal symptoms in rats chronically treated with alcohol, with respect to locomotor activity and ethanol or nicotine preference, has been evaluated in these studies.
Preliminary studies showed that locomotor activity increased 8-9 h after withdrawal from chronic nicotine intoxication, which was dose specific; it occurred in rats administered 0.15 mg/kg or 0.6 mg/kg but not the 0.3 mg/kg nicotine dose. Administration of nicotine, either acutely (0.3 mg/kg) during ethanol withdrawal, or chronically (0.15, 0.3 or 0.6 mg/kg) during the chronic alcohol treatment procedure, diminished locomotor activity, which increases significantly, approximately 6-7 h after withdrawal, in rats chronically treated with alcohol. Rats which were chronically treated with alcohol alone or in combination with nicotine, 0.3 mg/kg, showed an increase in ethanol intake when the free choice was performed between ethanol 10% and tap water; on the contrary, when the free choice was performed between ethanol 10% versus nicotine, 0.3 mg/kg, results showed a decrease in ethanol preference and a concomitant increase in nicotine preference.
These studies clearly identified the modulatory effects of nicotine, at specific doses, on both motility and preference in rat chronically co-administered nicotine and ethanol.
在这些研究中，已评估了尼古丁对长期用酒精处理的大鼠戒断症状的影响，涉及运动活性以及乙醇或尼古丁偏好。
初步研究表明，从慢性尼古丁中毒戒断后8 - 9小时运动活性增加，这具有剂量特异性；在给予0.15毫克/千克或0.6毫克/千克尼古丁的大鼠中出现，但给予0.3毫克/千克尼古丁剂量的大鼠未出现。在乙醇戒断期间急性给予尼古丁（0.3毫克/千克），或在慢性酒精处理过程中慢性给予尼古丁（0.15、0.3或0.6毫克/千克），均可降低运动活性，而在长期用酒精处理的大鼠中，戒断后约6 - 7小时运动活性会显著增加。单独用酒精或与0.3毫克/千克尼古丁联合长期处理的大鼠，在10%乙醇和自来水之间进行自由选择时，乙醇摄入量增加；相反，当在10%乙醇与0.3毫克/千克尼古丁之间进行自由选择时，结果显示乙醇偏好降低，同时尼古丁偏好增加。
这些研究明确确定了特定剂量的尼古丁对长期同时给予尼古丁和乙醇的大鼠的运动性和偏好的调节作用。
