Kilding Andrew E, Scott Mark A, Mullineaux David R
Division of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Strength Cond Res. 2007 May;21(2):476-80. doi: 10.1519/R-17975.1.
Deep water running (DWR) is commonly used as a rehabilitative tool or as a running specific cross-training modality. However, because little is known about the biomechanical specificity of this training, the aim of this study was to compare the leg kinematics of DWR vs. overground running (OGR). Five endurance runners' leg actions in the sagittal plane were filmed in 2 dimensions in DWR and OGR at slow (72 cycles.min(-1)) and fast (92 cycles.min(-1)) frequencies to measure hip and knee angles. Hip-knee angle-angle diagrams were quantified using cross-correlations (r). Leg motion was different between DWR and OGR both kinematically (e.g., hip maximum flexion angle, slow frequency: DWR = 92 +/- 20 degrees ; OGR = 49 +/- 10 degrees ; p < 0.05) and in coordination (e.g., slow frequency: DWR, r = -0.94, lag = -1%; OGR, r = 0.87, lag = 22%). The time lag indicates that the hip and knee flex and extend together in DWR, whereas the hip moves before the knee during OGR. Stride frequency had an effect on OGR but not on DWR. The apparent differences between DWR and OGR are likely to affect muscle recruitment patterns and this could be problematic for athletes with hip and knee injuries. Because the negative effects of DWR as a rehabilitative tool are not known, gradual familiarization to DWR prior to a prescribed DWR rehabilitation or intense fitness maintenance program is recommended to offset any adverse affects.
深水跑（DWR）通常用作康复工具或特定于跑步的交叉训练方式。然而，由于对这种训练的生物力学特异性了解甚少，本研究的目的是比较深水跑与地面跑（OGR）的腿部运动学。在深水跑和地面跑中，以慢（72次·分钟⁻¹）和快（92次·分钟⁻¹）频率在二维平面拍摄了五名耐力跑者在矢状面的腿部动作，以测量髋部和膝部角度。使用互相关（r）对髋膝角-角图进行量化。深水跑和地面跑之间的腿部运动在运动学上（例如，髋部最大屈曲角度，慢频率：深水跑 = 92±20°；地面跑 = 49±10°；p<0.05）和协调性上（例如，慢频率：深水跑，r = -0.94，滞后 = -1%；地面跑，r = 0.87，滞后 = 22%）都有所不同。时间滞后表明，在深水跑中髋部和膝部一起屈伸，而在地面跑中髋部比膝部先运动。步频对地面跑有影响，但对深水跑没有影响。深水跑和地面跑之间的明显差异可能会影响肌肉募集模式，这对于髋部和膝部受伤的运动员可能是个问题。由于作为康复工具的深水跑的负面影响尚不清楚，建议在规定的深水跑康复或高强度健身维持计划之前，逐渐熟悉深水跑，以抵消任何不利影响。
