Feriche Belén, Delgado Manuel, Calderón Carmen, Lisbona Oscar, Chirosa Ignacio J, Miranda Maria T, Fernández José M, Alvarez Julián
Department of Physical Education, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2007 May;21(2):413-8. doi: 10.1519/R-19095.1.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of acute moderate hypoxia and rest duration on performance and on the accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) in high-intensity intermittent efforts. After preliminary tests, 2 groups of nonacclimatized men (resident at 690 m above sea level) carried out 3 randomized protocols of effort (EXP1, EXP2, and EXP5) on 3 different days. These tests were performed at acute moderate altitude (2,320 m) by the hypoxia group (H) and in normoxia by the normoxia group (N). During EXP1 the subjects ran a maximum of five 400-m sprints (90% intensity) on a treadmill, with a pause between efforts of 1 minute. In EXP2 and EXP5 the same protocol was repeated, increasing the rest period between sprints to 2 and 5 minutes, respectively. Lactate accumulation and exhaled gases were measured during the tests. Accumulated oxygen deficit was calculated for each sprint. The total AOD (SigmaAOD) for each type of protocol was determined to be the sum of the corresponding accumulated deficits. The AODs were influenced by the length of rest period (p < 0.05) but not by H. The increase in recovery time between sprints increased the SigmaAOD (7,843 +/- 4,435 vs. 7,137 +/- 2,117 ml; 11,013 +/- 4,616 vs. 9,931 +/- 2,731 ml; 12,611 +/- 4,594 vs. 12,907 +/- 3,085 ml for H and N in EXP1, EXP2, and EXP5, respectively). The AOD increased in value when the same sprint was compared from EXP1 to EXP5 (p < 0.05). The results obtained show that exposure to acute moderate altitude does not affect the anaerobic pathway contribution in intermittent high-intensity exercises. Performance during this type of repeated effort is not altered during acute exposure to moderate altitude, which should be taken into account when an acclimatizing period is not possible.
本研究的目的是确定急性中度低氧和休息时长对高强度间歇运动表现以及累积氧亏（AOD）的影响。经过初步测试，两组未经适应的男性（居住在海拔690米处）在3个不同日期进行了3种随机运动方案（EXP1、EXP2和EXP5）。这些测试由低氧组（H）在急性中度海拔（2320米）下进行，常氧组（N）在常氧条件下进行。在EXP1期间，受试者在跑步机上最多进行五次400米冲刺（强度为90%），每次冲刺之间休息1分钟。在EXP2和EXP5中，重复相同方案，将冲刺之间的休息时间分别增加到2分钟和5分钟。测试期间测量乳酸积累和呼出气体。计算每次冲刺的累积氧亏。每种方案的总AOD（ΣAOD）被确定为相应累积亏缺的总和。AOD受休息时长影响（p < 0.05），但不受低氧影响。冲刺之间恢复时间的增加使ΣAOD增加（在EXP1、EXP2和EXP5中，H组分别为7843±4435与7137±2117毫升；11013±4616与9931±2731毫升；12611±4594与12907±3085毫升，N组同理）。当将同一冲刺从EXP1与EXP5进行比较时，AOD值增加（p < 0.05）。所得结果表明，暴露于急性中度海拔不会影响间歇性高强度运动中无氧途径的贡献。在急性暴露于中度海拔期间，这种重复运动的表现不会改变，在无法进行适应期时应考虑到这一点。
