Prager Sarah, Darney Philip D
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
Contraception. 2007 Jun;75(6 Suppl):S12-5. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2007.01.018. Epub 2007 Apr 3.
The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) has been used internationally for over 15 years by 7 million women. Concern about providing the LNG-IUS to nulliparous women still exists, despite growing evidence of its safety and efficacy in this population. Expulsion rates do not vary by parity and, although evidence in nulliparas is scant, perforation rates are low in all women. Efficacy of the LNG-IUS is excellent regardless of parity, with less than 1 pregnancy per 100 woman-years of use. Efficacy with immediate post-abortal insertion is also excellent and unvaried by parity. The presence of an LNG-IUS does not increase the risk of PID or infertility in either parous or nulliparous women and the LNG may be protective against infection. Acceptability is high in nulliparous women when compared either to parous LNG-IUS users or to nulliparous users of combined oral contraceptive pills. In conclusion, LNG-IUS is both safe and extremely efficacious for use in nulliparous women.
左炔诺孕酮宫内节育系统(LNG-IUS)已在国际上被700万女性使用超过15年。尽管越来越多的证据表明其在未生育女性中的安全性和有效性,但对于向未生育女性提供LNG-IUS仍存在担忧。排出率不因产次而异,虽然未生育女性的相关证据较少,但所有女性的穿孔率都很低。无论产次如何,LNG-IUS的有效性都非常好,每100名女性使用一年的妊娠率不到1例。流产后立即插入的有效性也非常好,且不因产次而有所不同。LNG-IUS的存在不会增加已生育或未生育女性患盆腔炎或不孕的风险,并且左炔诺孕酮可能具有抗感染作用。与已使用LNG-IUS的已生育女性或使用复方口服避孕药的未生育女性相比,未生育女性对LNG-IUS的接受度较高。总之,LNG-IUS在未生育女性中使用既安全又极其有效。