Robinson Siân, Marriott Lynne, Poole Jason, Crozier Sarah, Borland Sharon, Lawrence Wendy, Law Catherine, Godfrey Keith, Cooper Cyrus, Inskip Hazel
MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2007 Nov;98(5):1029-37. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507750936. Epub 2007 May 29.
It is not known what constitutes an optimal diet in infancy. There are relatively few studies of weaning practice in the UK, and there is a need for prospective data on the effects of infant diet and nutrition on health in later life. We describe the dietary patterns, defined using principal components analysis of FFQ data, of 1434 infants aged 6 and 12 months, born between 1999 and 2003. The two most important dietary patterns identified at 6 and 12 months were very similar. The first pattern was characterised by high consumption of fruit, vegetables and home-prepared foods ('infant guidelines' pattern). The second pattern was characterised by high consumption of bread, savoury snacks, biscuits and chips ('adult foods' pattern). Dietary pattern scores were correlated at 6 and 12 months (r 0.46 'infant guidelines'; r 0.45 'adult foods'). These patterns, which reflect wide variations in weaning practice, are associated with maternal and family characteristics. A key influence on the infant diet is the quality of the maternal diet. Women who comply with dietary recommendations, and who have high intakes of fruit and vegetables, wholemeal bread and rice and pasta, are more likely to have infants who have comparable diets--with high 'infant guidelines' pattern scores. Conversely, women whose own diets are characterised by high intakes of chips, white bread, crisps and sweets are more likely to have infants who have high 'adult foods' pattern scores. The effects of these patterns on growth and development, and on long-term outcomes need to be investigated.
目前尚不清楚婴儿期的最佳饮食构成是什么。英国关于断奶做法的研究相对较少，因此需要前瞻性数据来了解婴儿饮食和营养对其成年后健康的影响。我们描述了1999年至2003年出生的1434名6个月和12个月大婴儿的饮食模式，这些模式是通过对食物频率问卷（FFQ）数据进行主成分分析来定义的。在6个月和12个月时确定的两种最重要的饮食模式非常相似。第一种模式的特点是水果、蔬菜和家庭自制食品的摄入量高（“婴儿指南”模式）。第二种模式的特点是面包、咸味小吃、饼干和薯片的摄入量高（“成人食品”模式）。6个月和12个月时的饮食模式得分具有相关性（“婴儿指南”模式r = 0.46；“成人食品”模式r = 0.45）。这些反映断奶做法广泛差异的模式与母亲和家庭特征有关。对婴儿饮食的一个关键影响因素是母亲饮食的质量。遵守饮食建议、水果和蔬菜、全麦面包以及大米和面食摄入量高的女性，其婴儿更有可能有类似的饮食——“婴儿指南”模式得分高。相反，自身饮食以薯片、白面包、薯片和糖果摄入量高为特征的女性，其婴儿更有可能“成人食品”模式得分高。需要研究这些模式对生长发育以及长期结果的影响。
