Sundberg Henrik, Hanson Marsha, Liewenborg Birgitta, Zebühr Yngve, Broman Dag, Balk Lennart
Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Apr 15;41(8):2972-7. doi: 10.1021/es070073j.
This study reports on the bioavailability, maternal transfer, and genotoxicity in feral fish of organic sediment pollutants. Northern pike (Esox lucius) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) were caught in a polluted bay before and during dredging activities and from reference areas. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in ovulating eggs to investigate if the bay sediment posed a threat to early life-stages of fish. On the basis of previous investigations in this area, the level of exposure via maternal transfer and diffusive uptake of water-borne pollutants after hatch is likely sufficient to cause abnormalities in early life-stages of fish. During dredging, hepatic DNA adducts were elevated in adult fish, demonstrating an increased release of genotoxic compounds, which may contribute to adverse effects in aquatic organisms for several years. Although no substantial increase of maternally transferred pollutants were observed during dredging, this is the first time a correlation between hepatic DNA adducts in fish and pollutant burden in their eggs is demonstrated. Our findings underline the importance of combining chemical and toxicological methods as well as a need for greater emphasis on other polycyclic aromatic compounds in environmental risk evaluations.
本研究报告了有机沉积物污染物在野生鱼类中的生物利用度、母体转移及遗传毒性。在疏浚活动之前和期间以及从对照区域捕获了白斑狗鱼（Esox lucius）和河鲈（Perca fluviatilis）。对排卵的鱼卵中的多氯联苯（PCBs）和多环芳烃（PAHs）进行了分析，以调查海湾沉积物是否对鱼类的早期生命阶段构成威胁。根据该区域之前的调查，孵化后通过母体转移和扩散吸收水溶性污染物的暴露水平可能足以导致鱼类早期生命阶段出现异常。在疏浚期间，成年鱼肝脏中的DNA加合物水平升高，表明遗传毒性化合物的释放增加，这可能在数年内对水生生物产生不利影响。尽管在疏浚期间未观察到母体转移污染物的大幅增加，但这是首次证明鱼类肝脏中的DNA加合物与其鱼卵中的污染物负荷之间存在相关性。我们的研究结果强调了将化学和毒理学方法相结合的重要性，以及在环境风险评估中更加强调其他多环芳烃化合物的必要性。
