Greenberg Alissa K, Lee M Sung
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007 Jul;13(4):249-55. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32819f8f06.
Biomarkers for lung cancer may be used for risk stratification, early detection, treatment selection, prognostication and monitoring for recurrence. All these areas of clinical management would benefit from sensitive and specific, noninvasive, cost-effective biomarkers.
Significant progress has been made in understanding the steps involved in lung carcinogenesis and in the development of novel technologies for biomarker discovery. Over the last 3 years research into prospective lung cancer biomarkers has proliferated, especially in the areas of early detection and prognostication. The most active areas of research have been in promoter methylation, proteomics and genomics. Many investigators are adopting panels of serum biomarkers in an attempt to increase sensitivity. The development of targeted lung cancer therapy has engendered interest in markers to identify the optimal candidates for these therapies.
Much progress has been made in the last 3 years in the identification and validation of new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. The biomarkers require additional studies before they can be used clinically. Markers to identify lung cancer patients who may benefit from targeted therapy have been developed more rapidly and may be used now in some clinical situations.
肺癌生物标志物可用于风险分层、早期检测、治疗选择、预后评估及复发监测。临床管理的所有这些领域都将受益于敏感、特异、非侵入性且具成本效益的生物标志物。
在理解肺癌发生所涉及的步骤以及开发用于生物标志物发现的新技术方面已取得显著进展。在过去3年中，对前瞻性肺癌生物标志物的研究激增，尤其是在早期检测和预后评估领域。最活跃的研究领域是启动子甲基化、蛋白质组学和基因组学。许多研究人员采用血清生物标志物组合以提高敏感性。靶向肺癌治疗的发展引发了对识别这些治疗最佳候选者的标志物的兴趣。
在过去3年中，在肺癌早期诊断新生物标志物的识别和验证方面已取得很大进展。这些生物标志物在能够临床应用之前还需要更多研究。用于识别可能从靶向治疗中获益的肺癌患者的标志物开发得更快，目前可能已在某些临床情况中使用。
