Crigger Nancy J, Meek Vicki L
William Jewell College, Liberty, MO 64068, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2007;39(2):177-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2007.00164.x.
To explore nurses' responses to making mistakes in hospital-based practice in the US.
A grounded theory approach was used to explore the process that occurs after nurses perceive that they have made mistakes in practice. Theoretical sampling was used and data were collected until saturation occurred. Ten participants, who were registered nurses, described 17 personal mistakes. The mistakes they described occurred in hospitals. All participants were practicing nursing either in hospitals or in other work settings.
A process of "Self-Reconciliation After Making Mistakes in Hospital Practice" was identified, with four distinct categories: reality hitting, weighing in, acting, and reconciling. The core category was reconciliation of the self, personally and professionally.
This research was a first step toward the development of a theory of mistake making in nursing practice. This response to making mistakes is consistent with previous research and is related to cognitive dissonance theory. The responses to mistakes varied from less healthy responses of blaming and silence to healthier responses that included disclosure, apologizing, and making amends. Further research to develop the theory and to determine helpful interventions is suggested.
探讨美国医院护士在临床实践中犯错后的反应。
采用扎根理论方法探讨护士在实践中意识到自己犯错后所发生的过程。使用理论抽样，收集数据直至饱和。10名注册护士参与者描述了17起个人错误。他们所描述的错误发生在医院。所有参与者均在医院或其他工作环境中从事护理工作。
确定了“医院实践中犯错后的自我和解”过程，包括四个不同类别：现实冲击、权衡、行动和和解。核心类别是个人和职业层面的自我和解。
本研究是护理实践中犯错理论发展的第一步。这种对犯错的反应与先前研究一致，且与认知失调理论相关。对错误的反应从指责和沉默等不太健康的反应到包括披露、道歉和弥补等更健康的反应各不相同。建议进一步开展研究以完善该理论并确定有效的干预措施。
