Jansson-Fröjmark Markus, Lundquist Daniel, Lundquist Nina, Linton Steven J
Department of Behavioral, Social, and Legal Sciences, Orebro University, Sweden.
Br J Health Psychol. 2008 Feb;13(Pt 1):121-33. doi: 10.1348/135910706X173016.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether arousal, distress and sleep-related beliefs are related to the maintenance of insomnia in old adults.
From a randomly selected sample from the general population (N=3,600; 50-60 years old), 2,239 participants filled out a baseline and 1-year follow-up survey.
Logistic regressions were used to investigate whether psychological mechanisms were related to sleep status (insomnia: N=230; poor sleep: N=210; normal sleep: N=658; good sleep: N=253) over one year. Cluster analysis was employed to assess whether it was possible to classify the participants based on their profiles of psychological functioning.
The results showed that arousal, sleep-related beliefs about future consequences and anxiety were significantly related to the maintenance of insomnia (14-66% of the variance). Out of the individuals with persistent insomnia, 67% belonged to a cluster characterized by high scores on arousal, sleep-related beliefs and anxiety, 24% to a cluster defined by medium scores on the three mechanisms and 9% to a cluster characterized by low scores on the three mechanisms.
This investigation shows not only that arousal, sleep-related beliefs and anxiety are associated with the maintenance of persistent insomnia, but also that these mechanisms often co-occur in individuals with persistent insomnia.
本研究旨在探讨唤醒、困扰及与睡眠相关的信念是否与老年人失眠的持续存在有关。
从一般人群中随机抽取样本（N = 3600；年龄50 - 60岁），2239名参与者填写了基线调查和1年随访调查。
采用逻辑回归分析来研究心理机制是否与一年中的睡眠状况（失眠：N = 230；睡眠差：N = 210；正常睡眠：N = 658；良好睡眠：N = 253）相关。采用聚类分析来评估是否有可能根据参与者的心理功能概况对其进行分类。
结果显示，唤醒、对未来后果的与睡眠相关的信念以及焦虑与失眠的持续存在显著相关（方差的14 - 66%）。在持续失眠的个体中，67%属于以唤醒、与睡眠相关的信念和焦虑得分高为特征的聚类，24%属于由这三种机制得分中等所定义的聚类，9%属于以这三种机制得分低为特征的聚类。
本调查不仅表明唤醒、与睡眠相关的信念和焦虑与持续失眠的维持有关，而且这些机制在持续失眠的个体中经常同时出现。
