Nicolson Paula, Kopp Zoe, Chapple C R, Kelleher C
Department of Health and Social Care, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK.
Br J Health Psychol. 2008 May;13(Pt 2):343-59. doi: 10.1348/135910707X187786. Epub 2007 Mar 7.
This study reports the perceptions of patients with a diagnosis of OAB and people with undiagnosed OAB symptoms about their health-related quality of life (HRQL) and psychological consequences.
A qualitative study which employed a series of in-depth, semi-structured individual and group interviews using thematic and interpretive techniques of data analysis.
A mixture of previously diagnosed patients and people bothered by OAB symptoms were recruited from three British cities. The interviews explored issues around HRQL. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically to draw out the context in which people experience OAB. The study design was reviewed by a Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee and subjected to local research governance.
OAB has devastating consequences for sufferers of both sexes which impact upon their HRQL, self-esteem and relationships. OAB without incontinence causes anxiety, fear of incontinence, a sense of depression and hopelessness all of which are worse for those with incontinence. Many sufferers feel too embarrassed to seek medical care.
The psychological and HRQL consequences for OAB sufferers overlap with trajectories associated with chronic illness. However, because many sufferers avoid admitting to the condition and/or seeking treatment the psychological costs to them are even greater than with a diagnosed illness because the disruption remains unacknowledged and therefore unresolved.
本研究报告了被诊断为膀胱过度活动症（OAB）的患者以及有未被诊断出的OAB症状的人群对其健康相关生活质量（HRQL）和心理影响的看法。
一项定性研究，采用一系列深入的、半结构化的个人和小组访谈，并运用数据分析的主题和解释性技术。
从英国三个城市招募了先前被诊断出的患者和受OAB症状困扰的人群。访谈探讨了围绕HRQL的问题。数据逐字转录并进行主题分析，以梳理出人们经历OAB的背景情况。该研究设计经多中心研究伦理委员会审查，并遵循当地研究管理规定。
OAB对男女患者都有严重影响，会影响他们的HRQL、自尊和人际关系。无尿失禁的OAB会导致焦虑、对尿失禁的恐惧、抑郁感和绝望感，而对于有尿失禁的患者，这些情况会更严重。许多患者因感到过于尴尬而不愿寻求医疗护理。
OAB患者的心理和HRQL影响与慢性病相关的情况有重叠。然而，由于许多患者避免承认病情和/或寻求治疗，他们的心理代价甚至比已确诊疾病的患者更大，因为这种干扰未被承认，因此也未得到解决。
