摇头丸相关的纵隔气肿。
Ecstasy-associated pneumomediastinum.
作者信息
Marasco Silvana F, Lim H Kiat
机构信息
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran 3181, Victoria, Australia.
出版信息
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2007 May;89(4):389-93. doi: 10.1308/003588407X183373.
INTRODUCTION
Ecstasy, also known as MDMA (3,4, methylenedioxymethamphetamine), is a popular illicit party drug amongst young adults. The drug induces a state of euphoria secondary to its stimulant activity in the central nervous system.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A database review at two major inner city hospitals was undertaken to identify patients presenting with pneumomediastinum and their charts reviewed. A Medline review of all reported cases of pneumomediastinum associated with ecstasy abuse was undertaken.
RESULTS
A total of 56 patients presenting with pneumomediastinum were identified over a 5-year period. Review of the charts revealed a history of ecstasy use in the hours prior to presentation in six of these patients, representing the largest series reported to date.
CONCLUSIONS
Review of previously reported cases reveals the likely mechanism is due to Valsalva manoeuvre during periods of extreme physical exertion, and not a direct pharmacological effect of the drug.
引言
摇头丸，又称MDMA（3,4－亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺），是一种在年轻人中流行的非法派对毒品。该药物因其在中枢神经系统中的刺激活性而诱发欣快感状态。
患者与方法
对两家市中心主要医院的数据库进行回顾，以识别出现纵隔气肿的患者并查阅其病历。对所有报道过的与摇头丸滥用相关的纵隔气肿病例进行了医学文献检索。
结果
在5年期间共识别出56例出现纵隔气肿的患者。病历审查显示，其中6例患者在就诊前数小时有使用摇头丸的病史，这是迄今为止报道的最大系列病例。
结论
对先前报道病例的回顾表明，可能的机制是在极度体力消耗期间的瓦尔萨尔瓦动作，而非该药物的直接药理作用。
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