Feng Jun, Yano Kiichiro, Monahan-Earley Rita, Morgan Ellen S, Dvorak Ann M, Sellke Frank W, Aird William C
The Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Aug;293(2):R894-900. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00080.2007. Epub 2007 May 30.
The last common ancestor of hagfish and gnathostomes was also the last common ancestor of all extant vertebrates that lived some time more than 500 million years ago. Features that are shared between hagfish and gnathostomes can be inferred to have already been present in this ancestral vertebrate. We recently reported that hagfish endothelium displays phenotypic heterogeneity in ultrastructure, lectin binding, and mechanisms of leukocyte adhesion. Thus, phenotypic cell heterogeneity evolved as an early feature of the endothelium. In the present study, we wanted to extend these observations by determining whether hagfish endothelium plays a role in mediating vasomotor tone. Response of mesenteric and skeletal muscle arteries to a variety of mediators was assayed by videomicroscopy. Phenylephrine and acetylcholine induced vasoconstriction of mesenteric and skeletal muscle arteries. Bradykinin (BK) and ADP promoted vasorelaxation in precontracted mesenteric arteries but not those from skeletal muscle. BK- and ADP-mediated vasorelaxation of the mesenteric artery was abrogated by mechanical denudation of the endothelium but was unaffected by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Indomethacin significantly inhibited the vasodilatory response to ADP but not BK. The nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside resulted in endothelium-independent relaxation of both mesenteric and skeletal muscle arteries. Together, these data suggest that site-specific endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation is an evolutionarily conserved property of this cell lineage.
盲鳗和有颌类动物的最后一个共同祖先也是所有现存脊椎动物的最后一个共同祖先，它生活在5亿多年前的某个时期。可以推断，盲鳗和有颌类动物共有的特征在这个祖先脊椎动物中就已经存在了。我们最近报道，盲鳗内皮在超微结构、凝集素结合和白细胞黏附机制方面表现出表型异质性。因此，表型细胞异质性是作为内皮的一个早期特征进化而来的。在本研究中，我们想通过确定盲鳗内皮是否在介导血管运动张力中发挥作用来扩展这些观察结果。通过视频显微镜检测肠系膜和骨骼肌动脉对多种介质的反应。去氧肾上腺素和乙酰胆碱诱导肠系膜和骨骼肌动脉收缩。缓激肽（BK）和ADP促进预收缩的肠系膜动脉舒张，但对骨骼肌动脉无此作用。机械剥脱内皮可消除BK和ADP介导的肠系膜动脉舒张，但不受N（G）-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯影响。吲哚美辛显著抑制对ADP的舒张反应，但对BK无影响。一氧化氮供体硝普钠导致肠系膜和骨骼肌动脉的非内皮依赖性舒张。总之，这些数据表明位点特异性内皮依赖性血管舒张是该细胞谱系的一种进化保守特性。
