MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Jun 1;56(21):524-8.
Episodic acute overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (i.e., sunburn) is an important risk factor for two types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer. In 2003, a total of 45,625 new cases of melanoma were diagnosed in the United States, and 7,818 persons died from the disease. A meta-analysis of 57 studies indicated that the relative risk for melanoma among persons with sunburn history compared with those without sunburn history was 2.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73-2.37). Monitoring sunburn prevalence with population-based surveys allows an estimate of compliance with sun-protection behaviors, assessments of risk for developing skin cancer, and measurement of the success of prevention programs. To evaluate trends in sunburn prevalence among U.S. adults, CDC analyzed cross-sectional data from the 1999, 2003, and 2004 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys. This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that sunburn prevalence among all adults increased from 31.8% in 1999 to 33.7% in 2004. Further research is needed to determine which interventions will best improve sun-protection behaviors among the public.
紫外线（UV）辐射的偶发性急性过度暴露（即晒伤）是两种皮肤癌的重要危险因素：基底细胞癌和黑色素瘤。黑色素瘤是最致命的皮肤癌类型。2003年，美国共诊断出45625例黑色素瘤新病例，7818人死于该病。一项对57项研究的荟萃分析表明，有晒伤史的人与无晒伤史的人相比，患黑色素瘤的相对风险为2.03（95%置信区间[CI]=1.73 - 2.37）。通过基于人群的调查监测晒伤患病率，可以估计防晒行为的依从性、评估患皮肤癌的风险以及衡量预防项目的成效。为评估美国成年人晒伤患病率的趋势，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）分析了1999年、2003年和20照横断面数据。本报告描述了该分析的结果，结果表明所有成年人的晒伤患病率从1999年的31.8%增至2004年的33.7%。需要进一步研究以确定哪些干预措施能最有效地改善公众的防晒行为。 4年行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）调查的对
