Kemmer T M, Novotny R, Ah Ping I
Wellness Services, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jun;62(6):754-60. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602786. Epub 2007 May 30.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Healthy People 2010 emphasizes elimination of health disparity and improvements in anemia and iron deficiency (ID). The study purpose was to (1) determine the prevalence of anemia, ID and ID anemia (IDA) in children living in American Samoa and (2) compare the prevalence to that found in children living in the United States.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 211 children from American Samoa, aged 1-5 years of age, participated in this cross-sectional study. Prevalence of anemia, ID and IDA were determined and comparison made using data obtained from children living in the United States. Anemia was diagnosed as hemoglobin (Hb) <110.0 g/l, ID as erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP) >70 mumol/mol heme and IDA as Hb <110.0 g/l and EP >70 mumol/mol heme.
Anemia, ID and IDA prevalence was 33, 70 and 33%, respectively. The results of children from the United States were as follows: anemia, 9%; ID, 10% and IDA, 2%. Within American Samoan children, ID is positively associated with being breastfed <6 months (P<0.05) and anemia and IDA with lower household income (P<0.05; P<0.01). Mean Hb was significantly lower (P<0.001) and mean EP was significantly higher (P<0.001) than those within children living in the United States.
To meet Healthy People 2010 goals in children aged 1-2 years, the prevalence of ID in children living in American Samoa would need to decrease from 83 to 5% and in children aged 3-5 years from 59 to 1%. It is critical to ensure that populations within the United States and its territories are provided appropriate resources to promote health and prevent disease.
背景/目的：《健康人民2010》强调消除健康差异以及改善贫血和缺铁状况。本研究的目的是：（1）确定美属萨摩亚儿童贫血、缺铁和缺铁性贫血（IDA）的患病率；（2）将该患病率与美国儿童的患病率进行比较。
对象/方法：共有211名年龄在1至5岁的美属萨摩亚儿童参与了这项横断面研究。确定了贫血、缺铁和缺铁性贫血的患病率，并使用从美国儿童获得的数据进行比较。贫血的诊断标准为血红蛋白（Hb）<110.0 g/l，缺铁为红细胞原卟啉（EP）>70 μmol/mol血红素，缺铁性贫血为Hb<110.0 g/l且EP>70 μmol/mol血红素。
贫血、缺铁和缺铁性贫血的患病率分别为33%、70%和33%。美国儿童的结果如下：贫血9%；缺铁10%；缺铁性贫血2%。在美属萨摩亚儿童中，缺铁与母乳喂养<6个月呈正相关（P<0.05），贫血和缺铁性贫血与家庭收入较低呈正相关（P<0.05；P<0.01）。美属萨摩亚儿童的平均Hb显著低于美国儿童（P<0.001），平均EP显著高于美国儿童（P<0.001）。
为实现《健康人民2010》中1至2岁儿童的目标，美属萨摩亚1至2岁儿童的缺铁患病率需从83%降至5%，3至5岁儿童需从59%降至1%。确保美国及其属地的人群获得促进健康和预防疾病的适当资源至关重要。
