Boussuges Alain, Riera Florence, Rossi Pascal, Blatteau Jean-Eric, Castagna Olivier, Galland François
Naval Medical Institute (IMNSSA), Toulon, France.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2007 May;78(5):500-4.
Oxygen divers undergo environmental stressors such as immersion, ventilation with scuba, cold exposure, and increased ambient pressure. All of these stressors may be responsible for acute hemodynamic modifications. We hypothesized that repeated hyperbaric hyperoxia exposure induces long-term cardiovascular modifications.
A Doppler echocardiography was conducted on 20 military oxygen divers (average 12 yr diving experience) and compared with 22 controls. Parameters known to be modified by acute hyperoxic exposure, such as left ventricular (LV) function (systolic and diastolic) and arterial compliance, were analyzed.
Controls and divers were matched appropriately for age and height, although the divers had a higher body mass index and aerobic capacity. Left atrial and left ventricular diameters did not differ between the two groups. On the other hand, left ventricular mass was significantly higher in the elite military divers (209 +/- 43 g) in comparison with the control group (172 +/- 48 g), even when LV mass was indexed to body surface area. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function indices, stroke volume, cardiac index, peripheral vascular resistance, and systemic compliance were comparable between the two groups.
A greater LV mass was observed in oxygen military divers. The echocardiographic differences between divers and controls could be attributed to the high level physical training undertaken by the military divers. Some stressors, such as cold water immersion, repeated hyperoxic exposures, scuba breathing, and long distance swimming, could have participated to the echocardiographic findings in oxygen divers.
吸氧潜水员会经历诸如浸入水中、使用水肺通气、寒冷暴露和环境压力增加等环境应激源。所有这些应激源都可能导致急性血液动力学改变。我们假设反复进行高压高氧暴露会引起长期心血管改变。
对20名军事吸氧潜水员（平均潜水经验12年）进行了多普勒超声心动图检查，并与22名对照组人员进行比较。分析了已知会因急性高氧暴露而改变的参数，如左心室（LV）功能（收缩和舒张）以及动脉顺应性。
尽管潜水员的体重指数和有氧能力较高，但对照组和潜水员在年龄和身高方面匹配适当。两组之间左心房和左心室直径无差异。另一方面，与对照组（172±48 g）相比，精英军事潜水员的左心室质量显著更高（209±43 g），即使将左心室质量与体表面积进行指数化处理后也是如此。两组之间左心室收缩和舒张功能指标、每搏输出量、心脏指数、外周血管阻力和全身顺应性相当。
在军事吸氧潜水员中观察到更大的左心室质量。潜水员与对照组之间的超声心动图差异可能归因于军事潜水员所进行的高强度体育训练。一些应激源，如冷水浸泡、反复高氧暴露、水肺呼吸和长距离游泳，可能参与了吸氧潜水员的超声心动图表现。
