Wainwright Patricia E, Lomanowska Anna M, McCutcheon Dawn, Park Eek J, Clandinin M Thomas, Ramanujam Kalathur S
Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada.
Nutr Neurosci. 2007 Feb-Apr;10(1-2):67-77. doi: 10.1080/10284150701284035.
This study addressed the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with either gangliosides or choline during the brain growth spurt would enhance short-term spatial memory. Male Long-Evans rats were reared artificially from postnatal days (PD) 5-18 and were fed diets containing either (i) choline chloride 1250 mg/l (CHL), (ii) choline chloride 250 mg/l and GD3 24 mg/l (GNG) or (iii) choline chloride 250 mg/l (STD). A fourth group (SCK) was reared normally. Rats were weaned onto AIN 93G diet and on PD 35 were trained on a cued delayed- matching-to-place version of the Morris water maze. All groups learned to swim to the beacon that indicated the platform position on the first trial; similarly, on the second un-cued trial, the distance swam to reach the platform decreased to the same extent in all groups over the five days of training. The groups also responded in the same way to an increase in delay between the first and second trial from 1 min to 1 h, showing an increase in the distance swam, accompanied by a decrease in the number of direct swims to the platform. Thus, all rats were equally proficient at using spatial short-term memory, regardless of the choline or ganglioside content of the preweaning diet.
在脑发育快速期补充神经节苷脂或胆碱会增强短期空间记忆。雄性Long-Evans大鼠在出生后第5天至18天进行人工饲养，并喂食以下几种饮食：（i）含1250 mg/l氯化胆碱的饮食（CHL），（ii）含250 mg/l氯化胆碱和24 mg/l GD3的饮食（GNG），或（iii）含250 mg/l氯化胆碱的饮食（STD）。第四组（SCK）正常饲养。大鼠断奶后改用AIN 93G饮食，并在出生后第35天接受线索延迟位置匹配版莫里斯水迷宫训练。所有组在第一次试验中都学会游向指示平台位置的信标；同样，在第二次无线索试验中，在五天的训练过程中，所有组游向平台的距离下降幅度相同。当第一次和第二次试验之间的延迟从1分钟增加到1小时时，各组的反应方式也相同，即游过的距离增加，同时直接游向平台的次数减少。因此，无论断奶前饮食中的胆碱或神经节苷脂含量如何，所有大鼠在使用空间短期记忆方面同样熟练。
