Department of Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Jun 8;13(6):1966. doi: 10.3390/nu13061966.
The influence of dietary choline availability on cognition is currently being suggested by animal and human studies which have focused mainly on the early developmental stages. The aim of this review is to systematically search through the available rodent (rats and mice) research published during the last two decades that has assessed the effect of dietary choline interventions on cognition and related attentional and emotional processes for the entire life span. The review has been conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines covering peer-reviewed studies included in PubMed and Scopus databases. After excluding duplicates and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria we have reviewed a total of 44 articles published in 25 journals with the contribution of 146 authors. The results are analyzed based on the timing and duration of the dietary intervention and the behavioral tests applied, amongst other variables. Overall, the available results provide compelling support for the relevance of dietary choline in cognition. The beneficial effects of choline supplementation is more evident in recognition rather than in spatial memory tasks when assessing nonpathological samples whilst these effects extend to other relational memory tasks in neuropathological models. However, the limited number of studies that have evaluated other cognitive functions suggest a wider range of potential effects. More research is needed to draw conclusions about the critical variables and the nature of the impact on specific cognitive processes. The results are discussed on the terms of the theoretical framework underlying the relationship between the brain systems and cognition.
目前，动物和人类研究表明，膳食胆碱的可用性会影响认知，这些研究主要集中在早期发育阶段。本综述的目的是系统地搜索过去二十年中发表的啮齿动物（大鼠和小鼠）研究，这些研究评估了膳食胆碱干预对整个生命周期的认知以及相关注意力和情绪过程的影响。本综述是根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明指南进行的，涵盖了 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中包含的同行评审研究。在排除重复项并应用纳入/排除标准后，我们总共审查了 25 种期刊上发表的 44 篇文章，这些文章的作者共有 146 位。结果是基于饮食干预的时间和持续时间以及应用的行为测试等变量进行分析的。总的来说，现有结果为膳食胆碱对认知的相关性提供了有力的支持。在评估非病理性样本时，胆碱补充的有益效果在识别任务中比在空间记忆任务中更为明显，而在神经病理学模型中，这些效果扩展到其他关系记忆任务。然而，评估其他认知功能的研究数量有限，表明可能存在更广泛的潜在影响。需要更多的研究来得出关于关键变量的结论，并了解对特定认知过程的影响的性质。结果根据大脑系统和认知之间关系的理论框架进行了讨论。
