Northwood E, Fisher J, Kowalski R
School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2007 Apr;221(3):263-79. doi: 10.1243/09544119JEIM178.
Understanding the wear of the biomaterial-cartilage interface is vital for the development of innovative chondroplasty. The aim of this study was to investigate a number of biphasic materials as potential chondroplasty biomaterials. Simple geometry friction and wear studies were conducted using bovine articular cartilage pins loaded against a range of single-phase and biphasic materials. The frictions of each biomaterial was compared within simple and protein-containing lubricants. Longer-term continuous sliding tests within a protein containing lubricant were also conducted at various loading conditions to evaluate the friction and degradation for each surface. All single-phase materials showed a steady rise in friction, which was dependent on the loss of interstitial fluid load support from the opposing cartilage pin. All biphasic materials demonstrated a marked reduction in friction when compared with the single-phase materials. It is postulated that the biphasic nature of each material allowed an element of fluid load support to be maintained by fluid rehydration and expulsion. In the longer-term study, significant differences in the articular cartilage pin (surface damage) between the positive control (stainless steel) and the negative control (articular cartilage) was found. The potential biphasic chondroplasty materials produced a reduction in articular cartilage pin damage when compared with the single-phase materials. The changes in surface topography of the cartilage pin were associated with increased levels of friction achieved during the continuous wear test. The study illustrated the importance of the biphasic properties of potential chondroplasty materials, and future work will focus on the optimization of biphasic properties as well as long-term durability, such that materials will more closely mimic the biotribology of natural articular cartilage.
了解生物材料与软骨界面的磨损情况对于创新型软骨成形术的发展至关重要。本研究的目的是研究多种双相材料作为潜在的软骨成形术生物材料。使用牛关节软骨销对一系列单相和双相材料进行简单几何形状的摩擦和磨损研究。在简单润滑剂和含蛋白质的润滑剂中比较了每种生物材料的摩擦力。还在含蛋白质的润滑剂中，在各种加载条件下进行了长期连续滑动试验，以评估每个表面的摩擦和降解情况。所有单相材料的摩擦力均呈稳定上升趋势，这取决于相对软骨销间质液负载支撑的损失。与单相材料相比，所有双相材料的摩擦力均显著降低。据推测，每种材料的双相性质允许通过液体再水化和排出维持一定程度的液体负载支撑。在长期研究中，发现阳性对照（不锈钢）和阴性对照（关节软骨）之间的关节软骨销（表面损伤）存在显著差异。与单相材料相比，潜在的双相软骨成形术材料减少了关节软骨销的损伤。软骨销表面形貌的变化与连续磨损试验期间达到的摩擦力增加有关。该研究说明了潜在软骨成形术材料双相性质的重要性，未来的工作将集中在双相性质的优化以及长期耐久性方面，以使材料更接近天然关节软骨的生物摩擦学。
